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<p>Accurate evaluation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is crucial for assessing the functional benefits of antioxidant-rich foods and cosmetic products. Although colorimetric sensing offers a simple and low-cost strategy for TAC determination, its practical performance depends strongly on the stability and catalytic efficiency of the chromogenic system. Herein, we report a manganese phosphonate metal–organic framework (MnP MOF), constructed from Mn<sup>2+</sup> nodes and a rigid biphenyl-4,4′-diphosphonic acid ligand, as an oxidase-mimetic nanozyme for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-free TAC determination. In contrast to the more commonly reported carboxylate- or imidazole-based MOF nanozymes, this phosphonate-based Mn MOF features strong Mn–O–P coordination and a rigid aromatic framework, which are associated with improved structural robustness and accessible catalytic sites. The MnP MOF exhibits pronounced oxidase-like activity toward 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) without requiring H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, thereby reducing peroxide-related instability and potential matrix interference. The material showed a low apparent <i>K</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> value of 0.32&#xa0;mM and enabled sensitive detection of ascorbic acid (AA), L-cysteine (L-Cys), and glutathione (GSH), with limits of detection of 0.37, 1.02, and 1.78&#xa0;μM, respectively. Combined with smartphone-based readout, the resulting platform allows rapid and portable TAC determination in fruit and cosmetic samples, demonstrating the promise of phosphonate-based MOFs for practical antioxidant sensing.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Smartphone-assisted colorimetric sensing platform based on manganese phosphonate MOF nanozyme for total antioxidant capacity evaluation in fruits and cosmetics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Feifan Hu,
  • Zhiwen Wu,
  • Minghui Wang,
  • Lihao Xiong,
  • Guoqing Qin,
  • Xiaofeng Tan,
  • Le Li,
  • Qinglai Yang

摘要

Accurate evaluation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is crucial for assessing the functional benefits of antioxidant-rich foods and cosmetic products. Although colorimetric sensing offers a simple and low-cost strategy for TAC determination, its practical performance depends strongly on the stability and catalytic efficiency of the chromogenic system. Herein, we report a manganese phosphonate metal–organic framework (MnP MOF), constructed from Mn2+ nodes and a rigid biphenyl-4,4′-diphosphonic acid ligand, as an oxidase-mimetic nanozyme for H2O2-free TAC determination. In contrast to the more commonly reported carboxylate- or imidazole-based MOF nanozymes, this phosphonate-based Mn MOF features strong Mn–O–P coordination and a rigid aromatic framework, which are associated with improved structural robustness and accessible catalytic sites. The MnP MOF exhibits pronounced oxidase-like activity toward 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) without requiring H2O2, thereby reducing peroxide-related instability and potential matrix interference. The material showed a low apparent Km value of 0.32 mM and enabled sensitive detection of ascorbic acid (AA), L-cysteine (L-Cys), and glutathione (GSH), with limits of detection of 0.37, 1.02, and 1.78 μM, respectively. Combined with smartphone-based readout, the resulting platform allows rapid and portable TAC determination in fruit and cosmetic samples, demonstrating the promise of phosphonate-based MOFs for practical antioxidant sensing.

Graphical Abstract