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<p>The development of sustainable and highly sensitive diagnostic platforms is critical for rapid pathogen identification and effective disease management. Here, a green, magneto-electrochemical biosensing strategy is reported for the selective detection of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> based on pathogen-specific nuclease activity. Uniform organic–inorganic hybrid polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles were synthesized via an ultrafast UV-initiated emulsion polymerization within 5&#xa0;min using an eco-friendly approach. The nanoparticles were sequentially functionalized by in situ deposition of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and biomimetic polydopamine coating, enabling robust and high-density immobilization of nuclease-responsive oligonucleotide probes. The resulting PDA@SPION/POSS nanohybrids exhibit controlled size, preserved structural integrity, and strong superparamagnetic behavior, allowing efficient magnetic manipulation and electrochemical signal transduction. Upon exposure to <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, nuclease-mediated probe cleavage produces a pronounced electrochemical response, enabling label-free detection over a wide dynamic range (10<sup>2</sup>–10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹) with a detection limit of 10<sup>2</sup> CFU mL⁻¹. High selectivity against non-target bacteria highlights the specificity of the enzymatic recognition mechanism. This work establishes a sustainable and amplification-free biosensing platform with strong potential for rapid clinical diagnostics.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Magneto-electrochemical biosensing for pathogen detection using nuclease-responsive nanohybrids

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Gunes Kibar,
  • Murat Kavruk,
  • Frank J. Hernandez,
  • Baris A. Borsa,
  • Ali Dogan Dursun,
  • Veli Cengiz Ozalp

摘要

The development of sustainable and highly sensitive diagnostic platforms is critical for rapid pathogen identification and effective disease management. Here, a green, magneto-electrochemical biosensing strategy is reported for the selective detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae based on pathogen-specific nuclease activity. Uniform organic–inorganic hybrid polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles were synthesized via an ultrafast UV-initiated emulsion polymerization within 5 min using an eco-friendly approach. The nanoparticles were sequentially functionalized by in situ deposition of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and biomimetic polydopamine coating, enabling robust and high-density immobilization of nuclease-responsive oligonucleotide probes. The resulting PDA@SPION/POSS nanohybrids exhibit controlled size, preserved structural integrity, and strong superparamagnetic behavior, allowing efficient magnetic manipulation and electrochemical signal transduction. Upon exposure to S. pneumoniae, nuclease-mediated probe cleavage produces a pronounced electrochemical response, enabling label-free detection over a wide dynamic range (102–10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹) with a detection limit of 102 CFU mL⁻¹. High selectivity against non-target bacteria highlights the specificity of the enzymatic recognition mechanism. This work establishes a sustainable and amplification-free biosensing platform with strong potential for rapid clinical diagnostics.

Graphical abstract