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<p>Rapid, sensitive, and low-cost in vitro screening is vital for controlling <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection and guiding eradication, yet remains challenging. Here we report a high sensitivity lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on a multifunctional composite magnetic-fluorescent probe (MTQD-Ab) that enables accurate detection of <i>H. pylori</i> in stool with minimal pretreatment and supports two modes—rapid screening and precise quantification—tailored to different use scenarios. The probe features a core–shell–biorecognition architecture: a 200&#xa0;nm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core for strong magnetic responsiveness, multilayer carboxylated quantum dots (QDs) for intense fluorescence, and specific antibodies on the outermost QD surface for rapid capture of <i>H. pylori</i>, providing dual signal amplification via magnetic enrichment and fluorescence enhancement. By functionally switching the MTQD-Ab nanolabel, the platform provides two modes: in the direct mode, sample dilution achieves a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 cells/mL within 15&#xa0;min; in the enrichment mode, magnetic concentration of a 1 mL sample lowers the LOD to 10 cells/mL and eliminates potential hook effects, enabling accurate quantitation. Validation with 40 clinical stool samples demonstrated reliable accuracy and near PCR sensitivity while shortening total time from several hours to ~ 30&#xa0;min and reducing cost, indicating strong potential for clinical application.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Direct/enrichment dual-mode lateral flow immunoassay enabled by a composite magnetic-fluorescent nanolabel for ultrasensitive detection of Helicobacter pylori

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Tingting Huang,
  • Ting Wu,
  • Xuesong Xiong,
  • Xiao Zhao,
  • Jiahuan Zhang,
  • Chongwen Wang,
  • Bing Gu,
  • Jiansong Gu,
  • Fen Li

摘要

Rapid, sensitive, and low-cost in vitro screening is vital for controlling Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and guiding eradication, yet remains challenging. Here we report a high sensitivity lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on a multifunctional composite magnetic-fluorescent probe (MTQD-Ab) that enables accurate detection of H. pylori in stool with minimal pretreatment and supports two modes—rapid screening and precise quantification—tailored to different use scenarios. The probe features a core–shell–biorecognition architecture: a 200 nm Fe3O4 core for strong magnetic responsiveness, multilayer carboxylated quantum dots (QDs) for intense fluorescence, and specific antibodies on the outermost QD surface for rapid capture of H. pylori, providing dual signal amplification via magnetic enrichment and fluorescence enhancement. By functionally switching the MTQD-Ab nanolabel, the platform provides two modes: in the direct mode, sample dilution achieves a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 cells/mL within 15 min; in the enrichment mode, magnetic concentration of a 1 mL sample lowers the LOD to 10 cells/mL and eliminates potential hook effects, enabling accurate quantitation. Validation with 40 clinical stool samples demonstrated reliable accuracy and near PCR sensitivity while shortening total time from several hours to ~ 30 min and reducing cost, indicating strong potential for clinical application.

Graphical abstract