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<p>The design and fabrication of a novel MXene@UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> composite immobilized on a cellulose support is presented. The prepared MXene@UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>-cellulose film has been utilized as an efficient platform for the simultaneous thin-film microextraction (TFME) of tebuconazole and bensulfuron-methyl in selected real fruit samples, including nectarine, pear, tangerine, and watermelon. The hybrid sorbent combines the high surface area and tunable porosity of UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> with the layered structure and abundant surface functionalities of MXene, resulting in enhanced surface area (301.25 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>− 1</sup>) and tunable porosity. Under optimized extraction condition, the proposed method exhibited excellent analytical performance, including low limits of detection (LODs: 0.02–0.03&#xa0;µg L<sup>− 1</sup>) and limits of quantification (LOQs: 0.07–0.09&#xa0;µg L<sup>− 1</sup>), wide linear dynamic ranges (LDRs: 0.10–100.00&#xa0;µg L<sup>− 1</sup>, coefficient of determination (R²) &gt;0.9973), and acceptable enrichment factors (EFs: 43.5–60.4). The method also showed outstanding precision (relative standard deviations (%RSDs): 2.6–6.4%) and absolute recoveries (ARs: 36.2–50.3%) across all tested matrices, confirming reliable extraction of trace-level pesticide residues. To assess sustainability, the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) and Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation (AGREEprep) were applied, yielding scores of 82.50 and 0.74, respectively. These results highlight the method’s environmental compatibility and practical applicability. Compared with existing MXene-based sorbents, the developed TFME platform demonstrated superior extraction efficiency and reusability, emphasizing its potential for routine food safety monitoring and environmental residue analysis.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Efficient thin-film microextraction of selected pesticides from fruit samples: utilizing MXene@UiO-66-NH2 lamellar membrane as a sustainable sorbent

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Seyedeh Bentolhoda Hosseinian,
  • Milad Ghani,
  • Jahan Bakhsh Raoof

摘要

The design and fabrication of a novel MXene@UiO-66-NH2 composite immobilized on a cellulose support is presented. The prepared MXene@UiO-66-NH2-cellulose film has been utilized as an efficient platform for the simultaneous thin-film microextraction (TFME) of tebuconazole and bensulfuron-methyl in selected real fruit samples, including nectarine, pear, tangerine, and watermelon. The hybrid sorbent combines the high surface area and tunable porosity of UiO-66-NH2 with the layered structure and abundant surface functionalities of MXene, resulting in enhanced surface area (301.25 m2g− 1) and tunable porosity. Under optimized extraction condition, the proposed method exhibited excellent analytical performance, including low limits of detection (LODs: 0.02–0.03 µg L− 1) and limits of quantification (LOQs: 0.07–0.09 µg L− 1), wide linear dynamic ranges (LDRs: 0.10–100.00 µg L− 1, coefficient of determination (R²) >0.9973), and acceptable enrichment factors (EFs: 43.5–60.4). The method also showed outstanding precision (relative standard deviations (%RSDs): 2.6–6.4%) and absolute recoveries (ARs: 36.2–50.3%) across all tested matrices, confirming reliable extraction of trace-level pesticide residues. To assess sustainability, the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) and Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation (AGREEprep) were applied, yielding scores of 82.50 and 0.74, respectively. These results highlight the method’s environmental compatibility and practical applicability. Compared with existing MXene-based sorbents, the developed TFME platform demonstrated superior extraction efficiency and reusability, emphasizing its potential for routine food safety monitoring and environmental residue analysis.

Graphical Abstract