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<p>Biomass materials represent an ideal carbon source for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) due to their abundance, elemental diversity, renewability, and low cost. This study presents a straightforward solvothermal method for synthesizing polychromatic carbon dots (MCDs) by systematically adjusting the reaction parameters using biomass-derived precursors (Perilla fruits leaves and tea polyphenols) under pH-modulated conditions (pH 2–13). The MCDs show tunable emission (395–646&#xa0;nm), overcoming the traditional blue/green limitation of biomass-derived CDs. Mechanistic studies reveal that this spectral tuning arises from the synergistic control of particle size (1–5&#xa0;nm) and the extent of C = C conjugated domain, facilitating long-wavelength emission. The optimized MCDs exhibit unique room-temperature dual-mode luminescence, including full-color fluorescence and long-life phosphorescence (lifetime ≈ 0.46&#xa0;s), attributed to a covalent and hydrogen bond network that promotes efficient intersystem crossing. These MCDs exhibit multi-functional applications: (1) as an&#xa0;environmentally friendly means&#xa0;for white light-emitting diodes (WLED) with CIE coordinates of (0.30, 0.34), (2) for high-contrast latent fingerprint visualization, and (3) as advanced anti-counterfeiting ink with time-resolved encryption capability. This work not only establishes a green strategy for multicolor CDs derived from biomass, but also expands their potential in optical security and forensic science.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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pH-modulated synthesis of multicolor carbon dots from Perilla leaves for dual-mode room-temperature fluorescence and phosphorescence applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Pengyue Wang,
  • Jiaqi Ren,
  • Xin Wang,
  • Yueqian Yang,
  • Xiao Pan,
  • Yujie Ma,
  • Fenghua Tan,
  • Jingbin Zeng

摘要

Biomass materials represent an ideal carbon source for synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) due to their abundance, elemental diversity, renewability, and low cost. This study presents a straightforward solvothermal method for synthesizing polychromatic carbon dots (MCDs) by systematically adjusting the reaction parameters using biomass-derived precursors (Perilla fruits leaves and tea polyphenols) under pH-modulated conditions (pH 2–13). The MCDs show tunable emission (395–646 nm), overcoming the traditional blue/green limitation of biomass-derived CDs. Mechanistic studies reveal that this spectral tuning arises from the synergistic control of particle size (1–5 nm) and the extent of C = C conjugated domain, facilitating long-wavelength emission. The optimized MCDs exhibit unique room-temperature dual-mode luminescence, including full-color fluorescence and long-life phosphorescence (lifetime ≈ 0.46 s), attributed to a covalent and hydrogen bond network that promotes efficient intersystem crossing. These MCDs exhibit multi-functional applications: (1) as an environmentally friendly means for white light-emitting diodes (WLED) with CIE coordinates of (0.30, 0.34), (2) for high-contrast latent fingerprint visualization, and (3) as advanced anti-counterfeiting ink with time-resolved encryption capability. This work not only establishes a green strategy for multicolor CDs derived from biomass, but also expands their potential in optical security and forensic science.

Graphical abstract