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<p><i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> (<i>S. typhimurium</i>) A dual-mode colorimetric/photothermal immunochromatographic strip (ICS) employing hollow polydopamine nanoparticles (h-PDA)&#xa0;is reported&#xa0;for the ultrasensitive detection of <i>Salmonella&#xa0;typhimurium (S. typhimurium</i>). The h-PDA was synthesized via a coordination chemistry-mediated etching of zeolite imidazolate frameworks-8, yielding a hollow nanostructure that enhances photothermal conversion efficiency (52.36%) through the increased surface area and reduced thermal loss. The abundant catechol hydroxyl groups on h-PDA significantly improve antibody coupling efficiency. This ICS achieves detection limits of 603&#xa0;CFU&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup> (colorimetric) and 427&#xa0;CFU&#xa0;mL<sup>−1</sup> (photothermal)—a 16-fold improvement over conventional AuNP-based strips. The integration of a single-layer artificial neural network (ANN) enables 100% classification accuracy for <i>S</i>. <i>typhimurium</i>. The feasibility of the developed method is demonstrated by the recoveries of 99.71–111.72% (RSD &lt; 18.73%) in spiked milk samples. This work advances photothermal nanomaterial design for ICS platforms and provides a robust tool for the rapid surveillance of foodborne pathogens.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Hollow polydopamine for the enhanced ultrasensitive dual-modal immunochromatographic detection of Salmonella typhimurium in dairy products via machine learning

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Fei Liu,
  • Chenjie Nie,
  • Ziqi Wang,
  • Kunyue Han,
  • Wenrui Zhang,
  • Yanwei Ji,
  • Guangjun Huang,
  • Wentao Zhang,
  • Jianlong Wang

摘要

Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) A dual-mode colorimetric/photothermal immunochromatographic strip (ICS) employing hollow polydopamine nanoparticles (h-PDA) is reported for the ultrasensitive detection of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The h-PDA was synthesized via a coordination chemistry-mediated etching of zeolite imidazolate frameworks-8, yielding a hollow nanostructure that enhances photothermal conversion efficiency (52.36%) through the increased surface area and reduced thermal loss. The abundant catechol hydroxyl groups on h-PDA significantly improve antibody coupling efficiency. This ICS achieves detection limits of 603 CFU mL−1 (colorimetric) and 427 CFU mL−1 (photothermal)—a 16-fold improvement over conventional AuNP-based strips. The integration of a single-layer artificial neural network (ANN) enables 100% classification accuracy for S. typhimurium. The feasibility of the developed method is demonstrated by the recoveries of 99.71–111.72% (RSD < 18.73%) in spiked milk samples. This work advances photothermal nanomaterial design for ICS platforms and provides a robust tool for the rapid surveillance of foodborne pathogens.

Graphical abstract