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<p>A novel matrix of metal particles and metal oxides modified N-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs/AuNPs/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) is introduced for the rapid detection of phthalate esters (PAEs) using surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS). By leveraging the synergistic effects of metal/heteroatom-doped carbon-based components, this innovative hybrid material demonstrated exceptional ionization efficiency for PAEs. Specifically, it enables the detection of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) at concentrations as low as of 1&#xa0;µg·mL⁻<sup>1</sup>. Moreover, the N-MWCNTs/AuNPs/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite not only surpassed conventional organic matrices in terms of ionization efficiency and reproducibility, but also facilitated the effective enrichment of PAEs, achieving an enrichment efficiency range from 94.1% ± 5.8% to 98.2% ± 2.3%. Furthermore, this method was successfully applied to detect DEHP in human serum and urine samples, with urinary DEHP concentrations estimated ranging from 29.2 to 38.4&#xa0;ng·mL⁻<sup>1</sup>. This approach represents a promising strategy for high-throughput PAE detection, offering significant potential for applications in environmental and biomedical analysis.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Metal/heteroatom-doped carbon-based hybrid material as the matrix for rapid and high-throughput identification of phthalate esters in complex samples by laser desorption/ionization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月29日

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  • Luyan Meng,
  • Baichun Wang,
  • Yijia Rong,
  • Shun Zhang,
  • Ting Cai,
  • Chuan-Fan Ding,
  • Yinghua Yan

摘要

A novel matrix of metal particles and metal oxides modified N-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs/AuNPs/Co3O4) is introduced for the rapid detection of phthalate esters (PAEs) using surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS). By leveraging the synergistic effects of metal/heteroatom-doped carbon-based components, this innovative hybrid material demonstrated exceptional ionization efficiency for PAEs. Specifically, it enables the detection of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) at concentrations as low as of 1 µg·mL⁻1. Moreover, the N-MWCNTs/AuNPs/Co3O4 composite not only surpassed conventional organic matrices in terms of ionization efficiency and reproducibility, but also facilitated the effective enrichment of PAEs, achieving an enrichment efficiency range from 94.1% ± 5.8% to 98.2% ± 2.3%. Furthermore, this method was successfully applied to detect DEHP in human serum and urine samples, with urinary DEHP concentrations estimated ranging from 29.2 to 38.4 ng·mL⁻1. This approach represents a promising strategy for high-throughput PAE detection, offering significant potential for applications in environmental and biomedical analysis.

Graphical abstract