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<p>Zwitterionic hydrogel based on a dual-crosslinked network of pluronic F-127 dimethacrylate (PLU-DMA) and a terpolymer, poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)-<i>co</i>-methacrylic acid-<i>co</i>–<i>N</i>-methacryloyloxyethyl tyrosine methylester) (PSBMM) was prepared and successfully applied as an enzyme-based colorimetric sensor of urea on diaper. The prepared hydrogel possessed good mechanical property while preserving its swelling capability. The urease-incorporated hydrogel exhibited a vivid color change from yellow to orange and red, enabling semi-qualitative detection of urea via naked eye in a linear range of 0–0.7&#xa0;M covering a cut-off value of 0.3&#xa0;M, which allow for distinguishing between the chronic kidney-prone patients from the normal individuals. The hydrogel was found to be non-toxic and demonstrated effective enzyme preservation by maintaining more than 80% of urease activity up to 14&#xa0;days. This hydrogel-based urea sensor was also validated by laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) with satisfactory results. This platform demonstrated its potential integration on diaper for real-time screening of urea in the&#xa0;point-of-care diagnostics of chronic kidney disease (CKD).</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Dual-crosslinked zwitterionic hydrogel: a facile platform of wearable colorimetric urea sensors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Benjawan Somchob,
  • Nichaphat Passornraprasit,
  • Voravee P. Hoven,
  • Nadnudda Rodthongkum

摘要

Zwitterionic hydrogel based on a dual-crosslinked network of pluronic F-127 dimethacrylate (PLU-DMA) and a terpolymer, poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)-co-methacrylic acid-co–N-methacryloyloxyethyl tyrosine methylester) (PSBMM) was prepared and successfully applied as an enzyme-based colorimetric sensor of urea on diaper. The prepared hydrogel possessed good mechanical property while preserving its swelling capability. The urease-incorporated hydrogel exhibited a vivid color change from yellow to orange and red, enabling semi-qualitative detection of urea via naked eye in a linear range of 0–0.7 M covering a cut-off value of 0.3 M, which allow for distinguishing between the chronic kidney-prone patients from the normal individuals. The hydrogel was found to be non-toxic and demonstrated effective enzyme preservation by maintaining more than 80% of urease activity up to 14 days. This hydrogel-based urea sensor was also validated by laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) with satisfactory results. This platform demonstrated its potential integration on diaper for real-time screening of urea in the point-of-care diagnostics of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Graphical abstract