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<p> A&#xa0;efficient sensor is presented&#xa0;for detecting free chlorine in water by decorating glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) via multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Cu-BTC composite. After the characterization of prepared materials by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques, and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption isotherm, the electrochemical properties of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Cu-BTC/MWCNTs/GC-modified electrode were assessed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). CV and chronoamperometry measurement in phosphate buffer solution with pH 7.0 proved the capability of the designed sensor to detect free chlorine. With amperometric detection, the modified electrode exhibits a linear response&#xa0;in&#xa0;the 0.1&#xa0;to&#xa0;400.0&#xa0;ppm range towards free chlorine with a detection limit (LOD) (<i>S</i>/<i>N</i> = 3) of 0.0044&#xa0;ppm, sufficient to control swimming pool water. To assay the practicability of the designed sensor in real situations, interferences of common ions and dissolved oxygen were tested on free chlorine determination and showed admirable selectivity. The proposed sensor also provides satisfactory results of free chlorine measurement in different real samples of swimming pool waters. The results of this work affirmed that MOF composite could be a promising material in the architecture of free chlorine electrochemical sensors in aqueous media.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Fe3O4-Cu-BTC/MWCNTs modified electrodes for real-time chlorine monitoring in aqueous solution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Somayeh Jafari,
  • Seied Mahdi Pourmortazavi,
  • Ali Ehsani,
  • Hamed Zandavar,
  • Somayeh Mirsadeghi

摘要

A efficient sensor is presented for detecting free chlorine in water by decorating glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) via multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Fe3O4-Cu-BTC composite. After the characterization of prepared materials by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques, and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, the electrochemical properties of Fe3O4-Cu-BTC/MWCNTs/GC-modified electrode were assessed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). CV and chronoamperometry measurement in phosphate buffer solution with pH 7.0 proved the capability of the designed sensor to detect free chlorine. With amperometric detection, the modified electrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.1 to 400.0 ppm range towards free chlorine with a detection limit (LOD) (S/N = 3) of 0.0044 ppm, sufficient to control swimming pool water. To assay the practicability of the designed sensor in real situations, interferences of common ions and dissolved oxygen were tested on free chlorine determination and showed admirable selectivity. The proposed sensor also provides satisfactory results of free chlorine measurement in different real samples of swimming pool waters. The results of this work affirmed that MOF composite could be a promising material in the architecture of free chlorine electrochemical sensors in aqueous media.

Graphical Abstract