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<p>The mechanical properties of impure salt rock constituent minerals have a significant impact on the stable operation of salt cavern gas storage. In this study, nanoindentation testing combined with scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) was employed to analyze the in situ mechanical properties and microscopic deformation characteristics of individual mineral phases in salt rock samples. The differences in mechanical behavior between NaCl crystals and anhydrite impurities were revealed at the micro-scale by conducting a comparative analysis of the micro-mechanical parameters. Meanwhile, the energy distribution characteristics between the salt rock matrix and impurity minerals during loading were revealed. The fracture mechanisms of different minerals are further discussed. The results show that the microscopic elastic modulus and hardness of NaCl crystals are lower than those of anhydrite, whereas the maximum indentation depth and stiffness of anhydrite are lower than those of NaCl crystals. The two minerals exhibit different elastoplastic characteristics. NaCl crystals demonstrate more pronounced elastic behavior, whereas anhydrite displays relatively evident brittle features. The indentation morphologies of the two minerals differ significantly: NaCl crystals exhibit distinct triangular outlines, while anhydrite develops radial crack patterns. Anhydrite exhibits a stronger resistance to crack propagation. This study provides fundamental insights into the nano-scale mechanical behavior of impurity salt and delivers reliable foundational data for multi-scale modeling of impurity salt reservoirs.</p>

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Micro-mechanical Properties of Impurity Rock Salt for Large-Scale Underground Energy Storage: A Case Study of China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月8日

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  • Hongying Tan,
  • Tongtao Wang,
  • Chunhe Yang,
  • Tao He,
  • Youqiang Liao,
  • Dongzhou Xie,
  • Tianfu Yang,
  • Chufan Liu

摘要

The mechanical properties of impure salt rock constituent minerals have a significant impact on the stable operation of salt cavern gas storage. In this study, nanoindentation testing combined with scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) was employed to analyze the in situ mechanical properties and microscopic deformation characteristics of individual mineral phases in salt rock samples. The differences in mechanical behavior between NaCl crystals and anhydrite impurities were revealed at the micro-scale by conducting a comparative analysis of the micro-mechanical parameters. Meanwhile, the energy distribution characteristics between the salt rock matrix and impurity minerals during loading were revealed. The fracture mechanisms of different minerals are further discussed. The results show that the microscopic elastic modulus and hardness of NaCl crystals are lower than those of anhydrite, whereas the maximum indentation depth and stiffness of anhydrite are lower than those of NaCl crystals. The two minerals exhibit different elastoplastic characteristics. NaCl crystals demonstrate more pronounced elastic behavior, whereas anhydrite displays relatively evident brittle features. The indentation morphologies of the two minerals differ significantly: NaCl crystals exhibit distinct triangular outlines, while anhydrite develops radial crack patterns. Anhydrite exhibits a stronger resistance to crack propagation. This study provides fundamental insights into the nano-scale mechanical behavior of impurity salt and delivers reliable foundational data for multi-scale modeling of impurity salt reservoirs.