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<p>In geotechnical engineering, the mechanism of fatigue damage in rock-concrete composites (RCC) under cyclic loading remains unclear. To this end, uniaxial compression, variable lower-limit, and grading variable-amplitude cyclic loading tests were conducted on RCC specimens containing prefabricated cracks at multiple angles. Mechanical responses, acoustic emission properties, and fatigue damage accumulation were systematically investigated through the integrated use of acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The results indicate that peak strength exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on crack inclination, and this relationship is markedly influenced by cyclic loading. Under variable lower-limit cyclic loading, the strength reduction in high-inclination specimens is alleviated. In contrast, grading variable-amplitude cyclic loading increases peak strength, with the 45° interface crack exhibiting the highest strength. Cyclic loading also alleviates damage accumulation in low-strength concrete, reducing the sensitivity of peak strength to concrete strength degradation. RA–AF clustering reveals a progressive transition from tensile-dominated to shear-dominated failure with increasing crack inclination, with 45° identified as a critical transitional threshold. Although cyclic loading alters the relative proportions of tensile and shear events, the fundamental transition trend remains unchanged. Energy analysis indicates that variable lower-limit cyclic loading promotes the early dominance of dissipated energy, whereas grading variable-amplitude cyclic loading maintains elastic energy storage over extended cycles and suppresses plastic strain accumulation. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insight into failure prediction and stability assessment of RCC structures subjected to complex cyclic loading environments.</p>

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Study on Mechanical Response and Crack Propagation Behavior of Rock–Concrete Composite with Interface Crack Under Cyclic Loading

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Kewei Liu,
  • Qi Zhang,
  • Tengfei Guo,
  • Liansong Zou

摘要

In geotechnical engineering, the mechanism of fatigue damage in rock-concrete composites (RCC) under cyclic loading remains unclear. To this end, uniaxial compression, variable lower-limit, and grading variable-amplitude cyclic loading tests were conducted on RCC specimens containing prefabricated cracks at multiple angles. Mechanical responses, acoustic emission properties, and fatigue damage accumulation were systematically investigated through the integrated use of acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The results indicate that peak strength exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on crack inclination, and this relationship is markedly influenced by cyclic loading. Under variable lower-limit cyclic loading, the strength reduction in high-inclination specimens is alleviated. In contrast, grading variable-amplitude cyclic loading increases peak strength, with the 45° interface crack exhibiting the highest strength. Cyclic loading also alleviates damage accumulation in low-strength concrete, reducing the sensitivity of peak strength to concrete strength degradation. RA–AF clustering reveals a progressive transition from tensile-dominated to shear-dominated failure with increasing crack inclination, with 45° identified as a critical transitional threshold. Although cyclic loading alters the relative proportions of tensile and shear events, the fundamental transition trend remains unchanged. Energy analysis indicates that variable lower-limit cyclic loading promotes the early dominance of dissipated energy, whereas grading variable-amplitude cyclic loading maintains elastic energy storage over extended cycles and suppresses plastic strain accumulation. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insight into failure prediction and stability assessment of RCC structures subjected to complex cyclic loading environments.