<p>Addressing the permeability bottleneck in efficient coalbed methane (CBM) development, particularly the kinetic lag in the desorption of adsorbed gas in complex geological environments, water-based ultrasonic cavitation-enhanced coalbed methane recovery (WUC-ECBM) demonstrates significant engineering potential. This study reveals the response mechanisms of ultrasonic cavitation effects on CBM extraction and the mechanical properties of coal. The results show that ultrasonic cavitation can drive a fissure expansion rate of up to 61.17%, significantly enhancing the complexity and smoothness of coal pore structures. During the low cavitation power stage (initial growth period), adsorption pore connectivity predominates, leading to the formation of continuous desorption channels. In the high cavitation power stage (rapid development period), the proportion of newly formed pores reaches up to 18.59%, with maximum expansion of the spatial scales of connected pore clusters by 27.18%. The dynamic response of gas desorption to ultrasonic cavitation is characterized by three distinct stages. In the process of gas desorption after ultrasonic cavitation, increasing desorption efficiency by up to 2.11 times. Notably, at high power, with the highest efficiency increase of 56.62%. The increase in initial gas pressure enhances the ultrasonic cavitation effect. Additionally, decrease in elastic modulus intensifies the plastic deformation and destruction of coal due to ultrasonic cavitation. The development of the intelligent equipment for focused ultrasound cavitation targeted promote extraction (IFUCP-30&#xa0;kW) based on WUC-ECBM enables highly efficient coalbed methane (CBM) extraction. Therefore, WUC-ECBM is of great significance in promoting the efficient development of CBM.</p>