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<p>Cut blasting artificially creates relief space for subsequent ore body extraction and stands as one of the most critical steps in long-hole blasting mining. Stemming material, stemming length, and burden constitute crucial parameters influencing cut blasting effectiveness. Extensive engineering practices demonstrate that an irrational correlation between stemming length and burden in varying stemming approaches not only results in poor rock fragmentation effects but also triggers adverse consequences such as stemming structure ejection. To address this issue, this study designed 10 sets of model experiments with burdens of 4&#xa0;cm, 5&#xa0;cm, and 6&#xa0;cm, and stemming lengths of 2&#xa0;cm, 4&#xa0;cm, 5&#xa0;cm, and 6&#xa0;cm. Three stemming methods were selected: clay, water + clay, and sand + clay. Following blasting, 12 indicators for evaluating cut blasting effectiveness were comprehensively collected. Multiple combined weighting methods integrating subjective and objective approaches were employed to overcome uncertainties in indicator weighting, enabling a comprehensive ranking of blasting performance for each scheme. Additionally, matching relationships between different stemming materials and burden were analyzed from the perspective of stemming characteristic impedance. Experimental results indicate that when employing clay or water + clay stemming, optimal blasting effectiveness occurs under parameters where the stemming length equals the burden, with clay stemming demonstrating comprehensive superiority over water + clay under identical conditions. Furthermore, when using stemming materials with characteristic impedance lower than that of explosives, their length should exceed the burden, while materials with higher impedance than explosives are generally recommended for cut blasting.</p>

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Effect of Stemming Material on Stemming Length-Burden Correlation in Cut Blasting

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Zongguo Zhang,
  • Xiuzhi Shi,
  • Xianyang Qiu,
  • Zhihua Luo

摘要

Cut blasting artificially creates relief space for subsequent ore body extraction and stands as one of the most critical steps in long-hole blasting mining. Stemming material, stemming length, and burden constitute crucial parameters influencing cut blasting effectiveness. Extensive engineering practices demonstrate that an irrational correlation between stemming length and burden in varying stemming approaches not only results in poor rock fragmentation effects but also triggers adverse consequences such as stemming structure ejection. To address this issue, this study designed 10 sets of model experiments with burdens of 4 cm, 5 cm, and 6 cm, and stemming lengths of 2 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, and 6 cm. Three stemming methods were selected: clay, water + clay, and sand + clay. Following blasting, 12 indicators for evaluating cut blasting effectiveness were comprehensively collected. Multiple combined weighting methods integrating subjective and objective approaches were employed to overcome uncertainties in indicator weighting, enabling a comprehensive ranking of blasting performance for each scheme. Additionally, matching relationships between different stemming materials and burden were analyzed from the perspective of stemming characteristic impedance. Experimental results indicate that when employing clay or water + clay stemming, optimal blasting effectiveness occurs under parameters where the stemming length equals the burden, with clay stemming demonstrating comprehensive superiority over water + clay under identical conditions. Furthermore, when using stemming materials with characteristic impedance lower than that of explosives, their length should exceed the burden, while materials with higher impedance than explosives are generally recommended for cut blasting.