<p>In this study, the near-field blast vibration characteristics and the related effects on the surrounding rock were investigated at the drill-and-blast experimental drift at the −280 m experimental platform of the Beishan Underground Research Laboratory (URL). Vibration monitoring points were established 0.5 m from the drift face, near-field blast vibration data were obtained from 7 consecutive blasting cycles, acoustic wave damage testing was employed to assess vibration-induced damage to the rock mass, and principal stress variations in the surrounding rock, critical vibration velocities, and rock mass resonance conditions were discussed. The results indicate that the peak particle velocity (PPV) of the blast vibration remains relatively high within 5 m of the drift face, reaching a maximum of 45.21 cm/s. Within this zone, the PPV significantly decreases and fluctuates. Beyond 5 m, the PPV first decreases markedly and then continues to decrease gradually, with an overall attenuation pattern that is determined with the Sadovskii formula. The power spectral density of the near-field blast vibration signals had a prominent peak at 259 Hz, whereas the frequency band energy analysis revealed the presence of high-frequency transient vibration components in the near-field, in contrast to the far-field blast vibration, which is concentrated in low-frequency bands. Vibration energy exhibits a three-stage attenuation pattern as the blasting sequence progresses, with the maximum energy generated by charges in the cut area. Acoustic wave damage testing revealed that the maximum PPV in this study and the cumulative disturbance from 7 blasting cycles failed to cause significant damage to the surrounding rock. During the vibration process, the dynamic stress increment <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Delta \sigma_{3}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>σ</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the roadway surrounding rock was greater than <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Delta \sigma_{1}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>σ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Delta \sigma_{2}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>σ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and the maximum <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Delta \sigma_{3}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <msub> <mi>σ</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> was 6.22 MPa. The obtained blast vibration damage safety factor was 3.3, and the minimum critical vibration velocity for surrounding rock damage was approximately 55.5 cm/s. The minimum surrounding rock resonance weighting coefficient was approximately 20 Hz, indicating the lowest resonance sensitivity at this frequency. These findings contribute valuable field vibration monitoring data for near-field blast, and can guide construction safety management and drill-and-blast parameter optimization at Beishan URL, and similar future projects.</p>

Near-Field Blast Vibrations and Related Surrounding Rock Response in a − 280 m Experimental Drift at the Beishan Underground Research Laboratory

期刊论文
发表日期：

2026年1月6日

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Kejun Xue,
Zhongwen Yue,
Ju Wang,
Qingyu Jin,
Jiayao Chen,
Huaqiang Liu,
Hongsu Ma,
Liang Chen

摘要

In this study, the near-field blast vibration characteristics and the related effects on the surrounding rock were investigated at the drill-and-blast experimental drift at the −280 m experimental platform of the Beishan Underground Research Laboratory (URL). Vibration monitoring points were established 0.5 m from the drift face, near-field blast vibration data were obtained from 7 consecutive blasting cycles, acoustic wave damage testing was employed to assess vibration-induced damage to the rock mass, and principal stress variations in the surrounding rock, critical vibration velocities, and rock mass resonance conditions were discussed. The results indicate that the peak particle velocity (PPV) of the blast vibration remains relatively high within 5 m of the drift face, reaching a maximum of 45.21 cm/s. Within this zone, the PPV significantly decreases and fluctuates. Beyond 5 m, the PPV first decreases markedly and then continues to decrease gradually, with an overall attenuation pattern that is determined with the Sadovskii formula. The power spectral density of the near-field blast vibration signals had a prominent peak at 259 Hz, whereas the frequency band energy analysis revealed the presence of high-frequency transient vibration components in the near-field, in contrast to the far-field blast vibration, which is concentrated in low-frequency bands. Vibration energy exhibits a three-stage attenuation pattern as the blasting sequence progresses, with the maximum energy generated by charges in the cut area. Acoustic wave damage testing revealed that the maximum PPV in this study and the cumulative disturbance from 7 blasting cycles failed to cause significant damage to the surrounding rock. During the vibration process, the dynamic stress increment $\Delta \sigma_{3}$ $Δ σ_{3}$ of the roadway surrounding rock was greater than $\Delta \sigma_{1}$ $Δ σ_{1}$ and $\Delta \sigma_{2}$ $Δ σ_{2}$ , and the maximum $\Delta \sigma_{3}$ $Δ σ_{3}$ was 6.22 MPa. The obtained blast vibration damage safety factor was 3.3, and the minimum critical vibration velocity for surrounding rock damage was approximately 55.5 cm/s. The minimum surrounding rock resonance weighting coefficient was approximately 20 Hz, indicating the lowest resonance sensitivity at this frequency. These findings contribute valuable field vibration monitoring data for near-field blast, and can guide construction safety management and drill-and-blast parameter optimization at Beishan URL, and similar future projects.