<p>This study reveals the development mechanism of axial chain rockbursts (ACRs) induced by an amphibolite band in a granite tunnel excavated by a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The geological and occurrence processes are described in detail. The spatiotemporal evolution of microseismic (MS) activity, the rock fracture mechanism, and the apparent stress were analyzed. The key findings are as follows: (1) The occurrence characteristics of the ACRs induced by the amphibolite band were identified. Five sequential rockbursts occurred along the axially extending amphibolite band, with all pits distributed on the hanging wall. (2) The amphibolite band exerted a core control effect on the stress distribution in the surrounding rock, resulting in a relatively large range of advanced disturbance. Specifically, MS events exhibited long-distance distribution in front of the tunnel face. (3) The axial chaining effect associated with the amphibolite band was revealed. The previous rockburst in the ACRs accelerated the accumulation of fractures along the band in front of the tunnel face, promoting the occurrence of the next rockburst. (4) The ACRs induced by the amphibolite band can be identified in advance based on the long-distance distribution of MS events in front of the tunnel face. Stress release must be taken in the stress accumulation area to reduce the length and scale of ACRs. These results establish a foundation for the effective warning and mitigation of ACRs induced by bands with similar properties in deep granite tunnels excavated by TBM.</p>