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<p>Rock locked-in stress refers to stress preserved within rock masses independently of boundary conditions. While current research primarily focuses on core-scale investigations, engineering-scale effects remain poorly understood due to limitations in simulation methods. To address this gap, a probabilistic model based on a normal distribution is developed to characterize stress field uncertainties, applied to a hard rock tunnel case in Southwest China. Through three-dimensional overcoring simulations, the results demonstrate that partial stresses persist as locked-in stresses even after relief. The proposed uncertain stress field approach effectively distinguishes between locked-in and releasable stress components, overcoming the underestimation of in-situ stress levels inherent in conventional methods. The findings reveal that locked-in stresses significantly alter the mechanical behavior of tunnel-surrounding rock, leading to non-uniform stress redistribution, distinct plastic zone development patterns, and zonal disintegration phenomena. This study advances simulation methodologies for engineering-scale locked-in stress analysis and provides a new framework for assessing stress-induced failures in deep tunnels.</p>

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Engineering-Scale Numerical Simulation of Locked-in Stress in Deep Rock Tunnels: A Probabilistic Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月6日

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  • Minzong Zheng,
  • Shaojun Li,
  • Yushan Liu,
  • Zejie Feng,
  • Liu Liu

摘要

Rock locked-in stress refers to stress preserved within rock masses independently of boundary conditions. While current research primarily focuses on core-scale investigations, engineering-scale effects remain poorly understood due to limitations in simulation methods. To address this gap, a probabilistic model based on a normal distribution is developed to characterize stress field uncertainties, applied to a hard rock tunnel case in Southwest China. Through three-dimensional overcoring simulations, the results demonstrate that partial stresses persist as locked-in stresses even after relief. The proposed uncertain stress field approach effectively distinguishes between locked-in and releasable stress components, overcoming the underestimation of in-situ stress levels inherent in conventional methods. The findings reveal that locked-in stresses significantly alter the mechanical behavior of tunnel-surrounding rock, leading to non-uniform stress redistribution, distinct plastic zone development patterns, and zonal disintegration phenomena. This study advances simulation methodologies for engineering-scale locked-in stress analysis and provides a new framework for assessing stress-induced failures in deep tunnels.