<p>Geological gas storage engineering is an essential technology for achieving clean energy utilization and carbon neutrality goals, where reservoir stability and caprock integrity are key factors. This study explores the potential of peridynamics in predicting reservoir damage in geological gas storage. Based on non-local theory, peridynamics offers a novel approach for analyzing the interaction between gas and the reservoir under complex conditions, particularly in addressing challenges in reservoir damage and crack propagation. The hydro-mechanical coupling equations based on state-based peridynamics for poroelasticity are derived and verified through a comparison with finite elements and analytical solutions using standard test cases. A micro-scale porous media modeling method was applied to assess reservoir stability and failure risk by simulating crack initiation and propagation during gas injection. The coupling relationship between reservoir damage and permeability was also evaluated by analyzing different levels of damage. The results demonstrate that peridynamics can accurately capture the dynamic evolution of reservoir damage and its impact on permeability, providing both a theoretical foundation and technical support for the safe design and long-term operation of gas storage facilities.</p>