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<p>Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in salt caverns is crucial for transitioning to a sustainable energy future. However, the suitable operating pressure for UHS caverns in bedded salt rock formations with different lithologic interlayers remains unclear. This study tested the permeability of samples collected from salt rock, impure salt rock, interlayer, and the salt rock-interlayer junction and explained their differences in permeability through scanning electron microscopy. Based on the measured permeability, a fluid–solid coupling numerical model was established to determine the suitable operating pressure for UHS caverns in bedded salt rock formations with different lithologic interlayers. Salt cavern J106 in Jintan, Jiangsu Province, China, was selected for a case study. An assessment system was proposed for the suitable operating pressure of hydrogen storage salt caverns, integrating three stability evaluation indicators and three tightness evaluation indicators. The results placed the optimal operating pressure between 13 and 15&#xa0;MPa for maintaining stability and tightness and at 17&#xa0;MPa for temporary high hydrogen demands. The findings provide critical insights into the operating pressure of UHS salt caverns and contribute to the safe and efficient deployment of hydrogen storage solutions.</p>

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Study on the suitable hydrogen storage pressure of the cavern in bedded salt rock formation with different lithologic interlayers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月23日

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  • Zhongzhong Liu,
  • Zonghao Wang,
  • Shuchen Li,
  • Kai Qiu

摘要

Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in salt caverns is crucial for transitioning to a sustainable energy future. However, the suitable operating pressure for UHS caverns in bedded salt rock formations with different lithologic interlayers remains unclear. This study tested the permeability of samples collected from salt rock, impure salt rock, interlayer, and the salt rock-interlayer junction and explained their differences in permeability through scanning electron microscopy. Based on the measured permeability, a fluid–solid coupling numerical model was established to determine the suitable operating pressure for UHS caverns in bedded salt rock formations with different lithologic interlayers. Salt cavern J106 in Jintan, Jiangsu Province, China, was selected for a case study. An assessment system was proposed for the suitable operating pressure of hydrogen storage salt caverns, integrating three stability evaluation indicators and three tightness evaluation indicators. The results placed the optimal operating pressure between 13 and 15 MPa for maintaining stability and tightness and at 17 MPa for temporary high hydrogen demands. The findings provide critical insights into the operating pressure of UHS salt caverns and contribute to the safe and efficient deployment of hydrogen storage solutions.