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<p>The ultralow-temperature damage of rock poses a critical challenge in the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG) within rock caves, forming the foundation for supporting and sealing designs of storage facilities. Analyzing the strain field during the temperature reduction process is essential for uncovering the damage mechanisms of rock under ultralow-temperature conditions. In this study, thin granite specimens were subjected to cold shock of liquid nitrogen. The strain field during the cooling process was analyzed by extending the capabilities of an open-source 2D digital image correlation software. The analysis revealed the emergence of numerous clustered strain clouds during the cooling process to –&#xa0;100&#xa0;°C, encompassing both shrinkage and tension strain clouds. The structure of granite was identified as a contributing factor to the formation of shrinkage and tension strain clouds. As the temperature decreased, the value of the strain cloud initially increased before sharply decreasing, indicating the generation of thermally induced microcracks. The evolution of the cooling process was categorized into four stages: Stage 1 (above 0&#xa0;°C) showed low deformation with almost no cooling damage. Stage 2 (0 to −&#xa0;35&#xa0;°C) exhibited relatively large deformation with minimal cooling damage. Stage 3 (−&#xa0;35 to −&#xa0;55&#xa0;°C) displayed significant deformation, indicating considerable cooling damage. Stage 4 (below −&#xa0;55&#xa0;°C) presented substantial deformation due to extensive damage. These stages are highly consistent with the results of mechanical testing, providing a new method to obtain mechanical properties of rocks subjected to ultralow temperatures. Further insights into the mechanisms of ultralow-temperature damage were uncovered, encompassing mechanical causes, damage formation, damage positioning, and damage thresholds. These mechanisms hold substantial reference value for comprehending similar phenomena in other rock types. Low-temperature strain fields analysis plays a crucial role in selecting suitable surrounding rock for LNG underground storage. This study is vital for informing LNG storage design practices and ensuring the structural integrity of rock formations under ultralow-temperature conditions.</p>

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Strain Field Evolution and Ultralow-Temperature Damage Mechanisms of Rock during Cold Shock Process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月23日

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  • Yuliang Zhang,
  • Yiming Gu,
  • Guowei Ma,
  • Yun Chen

摘要

The ultralow-temperature damage of rock poses a critical challenge in the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG) within rock caves, forming the foundation for supporting and sealing designs of storage facilities. Analyzing the strain field during the temperature reduction process is essential for uncovering the damage mechanisms of rock under ultralow-temperature conditions. In this study, thin granite specimens were subjected to cold shock of liquid nitrogen. The strain field during the cooling process was analyzed by extending the capabilities of an open-source 2D digital image correlation software. The analysis revealed the emergence of numerous clustered strain clouds during the cooling process to – 100 °C, encompassing both shrinkage and tension strain clouds. The structure of granite was identified as a contributing factor to the formation of shrinkage and tension strain clouds. As the temperature decreased, the value of the strain cloud initially increased before sharply decreasing, indicating the generation of thermally induced microcracks. The evolution of the cooling process was categorized into four stages: Stage 1 (above 0 °C) showed low deformation with almost no cooling damage. Stage 2 (0 to − 35 °C) exhibited relatively large deformation with minimal cooling damage. Stage 3 (− 35 to − 55 °C) displayed significant deformation, indicating considerable cooling damage. Stage 4 (below − 55 °C) presented substantial deformation due to extensive damage. These stages are highly consistent with the results of mechanical testing, providing a new method to obtain mechanical properties of rocks subjected to ultralow temperatures. Further insights into the mechanisms of ultralow-temperature damage were uncovered, encompassing mechanical causes, damage formation, damage positioning, and damage thresholds. These mechanisms hold substantial reference value for comprehending similar phenomena in other rock types. Low-temperature strain fields analysis plays a crucial role in selecting suitable surrounding rock for LNG underground storage. This study is vital for informing LNG storage design practices and ensuring the structural integrity of rock formations under ultralow-temperature conditions.