<p>The paper presents a macro-microscopic-coupled poro-elasto-plastic continuum model for saturated porous media with compressible constituents. While previous models have provided insights into the behavior of saturated porous media based on simplified relationships between effective stress and material properties, the current model introduces a more comprehensive approach that accounts for both macroscopic and microscopic influences. In particular, the proposed constitutive equations consider the coupled behavior between the macroscopic compressibility of the solid skeleton and the microscopic compressibility of the solid constituent. A comparative study has been performed to evaluate the differences between the proposed model and the Coussy model, which primarily lie in the choice of state variables. Additionally, a special case of the proposed model is explored to distinguish the distinct roles of Terzaghi’s effective stress and Biot’s effective stress in elasto-plastic analyses when the solid constituent is plastic incompressible. A notable feature of the proposed model is that it can obtain the evolution of porosity in elasto-plastic analysis. To demonstrate the model’s applicability, the manuscript provides analytical solutions for the circular opening under axisymmetric pressure and compares the numerical simulations of two examples with results achieved by other authors.</p>