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<p>The incidence of multiple impact events is frequently linked to rockburst phenomena in subterranean roadways. An in-depth investigation and analysis of the deterioration process of surrounding rock and the performance of bolt support systems under repeated impact loads are imperative. This research employs an innovative drop hammer impact simulation apparatus to develop a similar model of an impact roadway. A comparative analysis was conducted on the macroscopic failure processes of surrounding rock, the distribution of dynamic compressive stress, the evolution of dynamic acceleration, and the dynamic force variation characteristics of bolts under varying support conditions—namely, no support, non-preloaded bolts, and preloaded bolts—by incrementally applying impact energy from above. The findings are as follows: in comparison to unsupported roadways, bolt support systems significantly reduce roof delamination and impact-induced roof collapse, thereby augmenting the energy threshold necessary for the failure of the surrounding rock. The elevated compressive stress within the surrounding rock, subjected to progressively increasing impact energy, demonstrates a transfer effect, transitioning from the roof to the ribs, floor, and deeper strata. Furthermore, the peak acceleration experienced by the surrounding rock escalates with increasing impact energy, and the implementation of bolt support improves the rock’s capacity to endure higher acceleration levels. Repeated impacts result in cumulative damage to bolt support systems. By increasing the preload of the bolts, the compressive stress of the surrounding rock can be more evenly distributed, thereby suppressing acceleration growth and reducing the load on the bolts. Roadway damage from repeated impact loads involves the gradual weakening of bolt support and instability of surrounding rock. Strengthening weak areas between bolts is essential for maintaining rock stability. Prompt reinforcement and the implementation of energy-absorbing support components can postpone the initiation of impact failure in the surrounding rock and enhance the overall resistance of the roadway to rockburst. These findings offer significant theoretical insights for the investigation of roadway damage and the design of support systems under conditions of multiple impact loads.</p>

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Experimental Study on the Failure Evolution of Surrounding Rock and the Response of Bolt Support Under Multiple Impact Loads in Mine Roadways

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Yongzheng Wu,
  • Sifeng He,
  • YuKai Fu,
  • Junchen Li,
  • Penghe Zhou,
  • Zhuoyue Sun

摘要

The incidence of multiple impact events is frequently linked to rockburst phenomena in subterranean roadways. An in-depth investigation and analysis of the deterioration process of surrounding rock and the performance of bolt support systems under repeated impact loads are imperative. This research employs an innovative drop hammer impact simulation apparatus to develop a similar model of an impact roadway. A comparative analysis was conducted on the macroscopic failure processes of surrounding rock, the distribution of dynamic compressive stress, the evolution of dynamic acceleration, and the dynamic force variation characteristics of bolts under varying support conditions—namely, no support, non-preloaded bolts, and preloaded bolts—by incrementally applying impact energy from above. The findings are as follows: in comparison to unsupported roadways, bolt support systems significantly reduce roof delamination and impact-induced roof collapse, thereby augmenting the energy threshold necessary for the failure of the surrounding rock. The elevated compressive stress within the surrounding rock, subjected to progressively increasing impact energy, demonstrates a transfer effect, transitioning from the roof to the ribs, floor, and deeper strata. Furthermore, the peak acceleration experienced by the surrounding rock escalates with increasing impact energy, and the implementation of bolt support improves the rock’s capacity to endure higher acceleration levels. Repeated impacts result in cumulative damage to bolt support systems. By increasing the preload of the bolts, the compressive stress of the surrounding rock can be more evenly distributed, thereby suppressing acceleration growth and reducing the load on the bolts. Roadway damage from repeated impact loads involves the gradual weakening of bolt support and instability of surrounding rock. Strengthening weak areas between bolts is essential for maintaining rock stability. Prompt reinforcement and the implementation of energy-absorbing support components can postpone the initiation of impact failure in the surrounding rock and enhance the overall resistance of the roadway to rockburst. These findings offer significant theoretical insights for the investigation of roadway damage and the design of support systems under conditions of multiple impact loads.