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<p><i>Dirofilaria immitis,</i> the causative agent of heartworm disease in domestic and wild canines and certain feline species, can also induce pulmonary or cutaneous infections in humans via mosquito vectors. Hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress profiles are essential for evaluating disease severity, progression, and therapeutic response. This study aimed to compare these profiles between D. immitis-infected dogs and healthy controls. A total number of 30 dogs were grouped into 15 healthy and 15 infected dogs. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein, and parasite detection was performed using direct smear and the modified Knott’s test. Hematological, biochemical, and antioxidant markers were then evaluated. The results revealed a statistically significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the infected group. Although total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in infected dogs, these changes were not statistically significant. Additionally, glucose, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed non-significant increases, whereas iron, total protein, albumin, and globulin levels decreased, also without statistical significance. Hematological analysis showed reductions in red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and platelet (PLT) counts, while white blood cell (WBC) count increased. However, none of these hematological changes were statistically significant. Based on these findings, we conclude that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of dirofilariasis by reducing the activity of key antioxidant enzymes, particularly SOD and GPx, whereas changes in other biochemical and hematological parameters were not significant.</p>

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Evaluation the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, malondialdehyde, and clinical pathology findings in infected dogs with Dirofilaria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Seyedeh Parastoo Yasini,
  • Sahar Yaghoubi,
  • Saloomeh Shirali,
  • Parisa Mohammad Ali Sharifi

摘要

Dirofilaria immitis, the causative agent of heartworm disease in domestic and wild canines and certain feline species, can also induce pulmonary or cutaneous infections in humans via mosquito vectors. Hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress profiles are essential for evaluating disease severity, progression, and therapeutic response. This study aimed to compare these profiles between D. immitis-infected dogs and healthy controls. A total number of 30 dogs were grouped into 15 healthy and 15 infected dogs. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein, and parasite detection was performed using direct smear and the modified Knott’s test. Hematological, biochemical, and antioxidant markers were then evaluated. The results revealed a statistically significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the infected group. Although total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in infected dogs, these changes were not statistically significant. Additionally, glucose, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed non-significant increases, whereas iron, total protein, albumin, and globulin levels decreased, also without statistical significance. Hematological analysis showed reductions in red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and platelet (PLT) counts, while white blood cell (WBC) count increased. However, none of these hematological changes were statistically significant. Based on these findings, we conclude that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of dirofilariasis by reducing the activity of key antioxidant enzymes, particularly SOD and GPx, whereas changes in other biochemical and hematological parameters were not significant.