Severe erythrocyte dysplasia in peripheral blood smears of a dog diagnosed with immune mediated haemolytic anaemia with concurrent Babesia gibsoni infection
摘要
Dyserythropoiesis is characterized by abnormal erythroid maturation and is mostly associated with primary bone marrow disorders, although secondary erythroid dysplasia may occur in association with infectious, inflammatory, or immune-mediated diseases. This report describes marked erythrocyte dysplasia identified in peripheral blood smears from a dog diagnosed with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) with concurrent Babesia gibsoni infection. A 13-year-old female Doberman presented with severe regenerative anemia, spherocytosis, increased numbers of nucleated red blood cells, and pronounced erythroid dysplastic features, including binucleation, multinucleation, nuclear fragmentation, and asynchronous nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. Babesia gibsoni infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Bone marrow examination revealed erythroid hyperplasia with a decreased myeloid-to-erythroid ratio but no significant dysplasia in early erythroid precursors, supporting a secondary rather than primary myelodysplastic process. Following antimicrobial and immunosuppressive therapy, hematological abnormalities and erythroid dysplasia markedly improved. This case highlights reactive erythroid dysplasia as a potential peripheral blood finding in dogs with concurrent hemoparasitic infection and immune-mediated hemolytic disease.