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<p>Exposure to heavy metal has led to various health concerns, including tissue damage, which poses a threat to human health. The toxic effect of heavy metal causes oxidative stress that eventually progresses to tissue degeneration. Exploration into the use of <i>Heliotropium indicum</i>, a herbaceous plant that is rich in bioactive components, could be pivotal in the management of adverse effects caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).</p><p>In this study, <i>Heliotropium indicum</i> was investigated for its in vitro antioxidant, phytochemical composition, and therapeutic effect on Pb-induced hepatorenal injuries in Wistar rats.</p><p><i>Heliotropium indicum</i> plant was assessed for its phytochemical composition and its scavenging antioxidant activity. Thereafter, animal experiment involving adult rats (150—250&#xa0;kg) was distributed into five groups consisting of six rats each (<i>n</i> = 6). Group I received water and animal pellet only, while groups II, III, IV, and V were exposed to 10&#xa0;mg/kg Pb body weight (bw) for a period of fourteen days. Subsequently, groups III, IV, and V rats were administered 50, 100, and 150&#xa0;mg/kg bw extract, respectively, by oral gavage. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day after an overnight fast, and tissues were harvested for estimation of biochemical parameters, gene expression, and histological study.</p><p>As indicated, the extract revealed antioxidant activity by demonstrating a significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) inhibitory activity against DPPH in a concentration-dependent manner. In the same vein, bioactive constituents such as phenols and flavonoids were present in the extract, which may be responsible of restoration of weight loss. Treatment with the doses 50, 100, and 150&#xa0;mg/kg of the extract caused a significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) increase in the levels of ALT and AST in the liver tissue homogenate compared to the Pb-induced group only. The gene expression levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were significantly increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in the Pb-induced group only compared to control. Treatment with doses 50, 100, and 150&#xa0;mg/kg caused a significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) decrease in both liver and kidney tissue. Photomicrographs from histological analyses on the tissues showed restoration of liver and kidney architecture, which corroborated the biochemical analyses.</p><p>This finding revealed that the aqueous leaf extract of <i>H. indicum</i> possesses cytoprotective potential against Pb-induced liver and kidney injuries in rats, which could possibly be attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue restorative potential. This effect could further be explored to minimize tissue-specific damage.</p>

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Aqueous extract of Heliotropium indicum (scorpion tale) abrogates Pb-induced tissue damage in male Wistar rats through anti-inflammatory and histological restoration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Jaiyesimi Kikelomo Folake,
  • Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole,
  • Echeotu Jennifer,
  • Adegoke Azeez,
  • Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye,
  • Ojo Abiodun Ayodele

摘要

Exposure to heavy metal has led to various health concerns, including tissue damage, which poses a threat to human health. The toxic effect of heavy metal causes oxidative stress that eventually progresses to tissue degeneration. Exploration into the use of Heliotropium indicum, a herbaceous plant that is rich in bioactive components, could be pivotal in the management of adverse effects caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).

In this study, Heliotropium indicum was investigated for its in vitro antioxidant, phytochemical composition, and therapeutic effect on Pb-induced hepatorenal injuries in Wistar rats.

Heliotropium indicum plant was assessed for its phytochemical composition and its scavenging antioxidant activity. Thereafter, animal experiment involving adult rats (150—250 kg) was distributed into five groups consisting of six rats each (n = 6). Group I received water and animal pellet only, while groups II, III, IV, and V were exposed to 10 mg/kg Pb body weight (bw) for a period of fourteen days. Subsequently, groups III, IV, and V rats were administered 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg bw extract, respectively, by oral gavage. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day after an overnight fast, and tissues were harvested for estimation of biochemical parameters, gene expression, and histological study.

As indicated, the extract revealed antioxidant activity by demonstrating a significant (P < 0.05) inhibitory activity against DPPH in a concentration-dependent manner. In the same vein, bioactive constituents such as phenols and flavonoids were present in the extract, which may be responsible of restoration of weight loss. Treatment with the doses 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of the extract caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the levels of ALT and AST in the liver tissue homogenate compared to the Pb-induced group only. The gene expression levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the Pb-induced group only compared to control. Treatment with doses 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg caused a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in both liver and kidney tissue. Photomicrographs from histological analyses on the tissues showed restoration of liver and kidney architecture, which corroborated the biochemical analyses.

This finding revealed that the aqueous leaf extract of H. indicum possesses cytoprotective potential against Pb-induced liver and kidney injuries in rats, which could possibly be attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue restorative potential. This effect could further be explored to minimize tissue-specific damage.