<p>We study the existence of two positive normalized solutions for the following fractional critical Schrödinger equation: <Equation ID="Equ33"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{aligned}&amp;(-\Delta )^{s} u = \lambda u + |u|^{2_{s}^{*}-2}u + a |u|^{p-2} u, {\text { in }} \Omega ,\\&amp;u &gt; 0 \ {\text { in }} \Omega , \ \ u = 0 \ {\text { on }} \mathbb {R}^N {\setminus } \Omega , \\&amp;\int _{\Omega } {|u|^2}\,\textrm{d} x = c, \end{aligned}\right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>a</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow /> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo lspace="0.15em" rspace="0.15em" stretchy="false">\</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow /> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a bounded, smooth and star-shaped domain in <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^N \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N &gt; 2s\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s \in \left( 0, 1 \right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(c &gt; 0 \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2_{ s}^{*}:= \frac{2N}{N-2s}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \in \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> appears as an unknown Lagrange multiplier, and <i>a</i>,&#xa0;<i>p</i> are in one of the following three cases: <Equation ID="Equ34"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} (1) a=0, \ (2) a &gt; 0 , 2 + \frac{4\,s}{N}&lt; p&lt; 2_s^*, \ (3) a&lt; 0 , 2&lt; p &lt; 2_s^*. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <msubsup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>We firstly establish the existence of a normalized ground state solution. Then, using some novel ideas, we obtain the second positive normalized solution, which is of mountain pass type.</p>

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Positive and Multiple Normalized Solutions for the Fractional Critical Schrödinger Equation on Bounded Domains

  • Zilin Chen,
  • Yang Yang

摘要

We study the existence of two positive normalized solutions for the following fractional critical Schrödinger equation: \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{aligned}&(-\Delta )^{s} u = \lambda u + |u|^{2_{s}^{*}-2}u + a |u|^{p-2} u, {\text { in }} \Omega ,\\&u > 0 \ {\text { in }} \Omega , \ \ u = 0 \ {\text { on }} \mathbb {R}^N {\setminus } \Omega , \\&\int _{\Omega } {|u|^2}\,\textrm{d} x = c, \end{aligned}\right. \end{aligned}\) ( - Δ ) s u = λ u + | u | 2 s - 2 u + a | u | p - 2 u , in Ω , u > 0 in Ω , u = 0 on R N \ Ω , Ω | u | 2 d x = c , where \(\Omega \) Ω is a bounded, smooth and star-shaped domain in \(\mathbb {R}^N \) R N , \(N > 2s\) N > 2 s , \(s \in \left( 0, 1 \right) \) s 0 , 1 , \(c > 0 \) c > 0 and \(2_{ s}^{*}:= \frac{2N}{N-2s}\) 2 s : = 2 N N - 2 s . \(\lambda \in \mathbb {R}\) λ R appears as an unknown Lagrange multiplier, and ap are in one of the following three cases: \(\begin{aligned} (1) a=0, \ (2) a > 0 , 2 + \frac{4\,s}{N}< p< 2_s^*, \ (3) a< 0 , 2< p < 2_s^*. \end{aligned}\) ( 1 ) a = 0 , ( 2 ) a > 0 , 2 + 4 s N < p < 2 s , ( 3 ) a < 0 , 2 < p < 2 s . We firstly establish the existence of a normalized ground state solution. Then, using some novel ideas, we obtain the second positive normalized solution, which is of mountain pass type.