<p>In this paper, we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions for a (<i>p</i>,&#xa0;<i>q</i>)-Laplacian equation characterized by: <Equation ID="Equ16"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_Equ16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="45" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="439" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta _{p} u -\Delta _{q} u = \lambda |u|^{p-2}u + u_{+}^{p^{*}-1} + g(x,u_{+}) + f(x) &amp; \text {in } \Omega \\ u=0 &amp; \text {on } \partial \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mmultiscripts> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mi>p</mi> <mrow /> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> <mo>+</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes a bounded domain with a smooth boundary within <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the parameters satisfy <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="111" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1&lt;q&lt;p&lt;N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <i>g</i> represents a nonlinearity exhibiting subcritical growth while <i>f</i> belongs to <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="49" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^{\infty }(\Omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This equation, inspired by the seminal Ambrosetti-Prodi problems. Our approach leverages the application of variational methods, alongside precise estimates for Talenti functions pertinent to the critical issue at hand. We demonstrate the existence of two distinct solutions under the condition that the nonlinearity crosses the initial eigenvalue (i.e., <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="50" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda &lt;\lambda _{1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, while also a unilateral critical growth in <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_454_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="33" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(+\infty \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is considered).</p>

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(p,q)-Laplacian Equations with Critical Growth and Jumping Nonlinearities

  • Bruno Ribeiro,
  • Elisandra Gloss,
  • Hector Pereira

摘要

In this paper, we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions for a (pq)-Laplacian equation characterized by: \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta _{p} u -\Delta _{q} u = \lambda |u|^{p-2}u + u_{+}^{p^{*}-1} + g(x,u_{+}) + f(x) & \text {in } \Omega \\ u=0 & \text {on } \partial \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) - Δ p u - Δ q u = λ | u | p - 2 u + u + p - 1 + g ( x , u + ) + f ( x ) in Ω u = 0 on Ω , where \(\Omega \) Ω denotes a bounded domain with a smooth boundary within \({\mathbb {R}}^N\) R N , the parameters satisfy \(1<q<p<N\) 1 < q < p < N , and g represents a nonlinearity exhibiting subcritical growth while f belongs to \(L^{\infty }(\Omega )\) L ( Ω ) . This equation, inspired by the seminal Ambrosetti-Prodi problems. Our approach leverages the application of variational methods, alongside precise estimates for Talenti functions pertinent to the critical issue at hand. We demonstrate the existence of two distinct solutions under the condition that the nonlinearity crosses the initial eigenvalue (i.e., \(\lambda <\lambda _{1}\) λ < λ 1 , while also a unilateral critical growth in \(+\infty \) + is considered).