<p>We show that the solutions to the nonlocal obstacle problems for the nonlocal <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="37" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-\Delta _p^s\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> operator, when the fractional parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s\rightarrow \sigma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>σ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="73" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0&lt;\sigma \le 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, converge to the solution of the corresponding obstacle problem for <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="37" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-\Delta _p^\sigma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mi>σ</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, being <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma =1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> the classical obstacle problem for the local <i>p</i>-Laplacian. We discuss the weak stability of the quasi-characteristic functions of coincidence sets of the solution with the obstacle, which is a strong convergence of their characteristic functions when <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s\nearrow 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>↗</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> under a nondegeneracy condition. This stability can be shown also in terms of the convergence of the free boundaries, as well as of the coincidence sets, in Hausdorff distance when <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="574_2025_439_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s\nearrow 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>↗</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, under non-degeneracy local assumptions on the external force and a local topological property of the coincidence set of the limit classical obstacle problem for the local <i>p</i>-Laplacian, essentially when the limit coincidence set is the closure of its interior.</p>

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On the Stability of the s-Nonlocal p-Obstacle Problem and Their Coincidence Sets and Free Boundaries

  • Catharine W. K. Lo,
  • José Francisco Rodrigues

摘要

We show that the solutions to the nonlocal obstacle problems for the nonlocal \(-\Delta _p^s\) - Δ p s operator, when the fractional parameter \(s\rightarrow \sigma \) s σ for \(0<\sigma \le 1\) 0 < σ 1 , converge to the solution of the corresponding obstacle problem for \(-\Delta _p^\sigma \) - Δ p σ , being \(\sigma =1\) σ = 1 the classical obstacle problem for the local p-Laplacian. We discuss the weak stability of the quasi-characteristic functions of coincidence sets of the solution with the obstacle, which is a strong convergence of their characteristic functions when \(s\nearrow 1\) s 1 under a nondegeneracy condition. This stability can be shown also in terms of the convergence of the free boundaries, as well as of the coincidence sets, in Hausdorff distance when \(s\nearrow 1\) s 1 , under non-degeneracy local assumptions on the external force and a local topological property of the coincidence set of the limit classical obstacle problem for the local p-Laplacian, essentially when the limit coincidence set is the closure of its interior.