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<p>Conventional terahertz polarization converters and biosensors are often constrained by narrow bandwidths, poor tunability and reduced angular stability, limiting their practical use. In this work, a graphene-assisted metasurface is proposed that combines broadband polarization conversion with high-sensitivity biosensing. The design achieves polarization conversion ratios above 90% from 7.245 to 13.571 THz yielding a bandwidth of 6.326 THz with an average efficiency of 98.03%, while maintaining a polarization conversion ratio above 96% between 7.476 and 13.272 THz. Angular stability is preserved up to 30° incidence with minimal performance loss. In sensing applications, the device responds reliably to refractive index variations and reaches a maximum sensitivity of 2.99 THz/RIU, enabling accurate detection of pathological changes including cervical, breast, blood and adrenal cancers. By uniting broadband conversion, tunability and high sensitivity in a single platform, the proposed design overcomes existing limitations and offers a promising route for advanced terahertz biomedical and photonic applications.</p>

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Ultra-broadband tunable terahertz polarization conversion metasurface as a biosensor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Bo Lv,
  • Xin Dong,
  • Zainab Zafar,
  • Taha Sheheryar,
  • Huibin Tao

摘要

Conventional terahertz polarization converters and biosensors are often constrained by narrow bandwidths, poor tunability and reduced angular stability, limiting their practical use. In this work, a graphene-assisted metasurface is proposed that combines broadband polarization conversion with high-sensitivity biosensing. The design achieves polarization conversion ratios above 90% from 7.245 to 13.571 THz yielding a bandwidth of 6.326 THz with an average efficiency of 98.03%, while maintaining a polarization conversion ratio above 96% between 7.476 and 13.272 THz. Angular stability is preserved up to 30° incidence with minimal performance loss. In sensing applications, the device responds reliably to refractive index variations and reaches a maximum sensitivity of 2.99 THz/RIU, enabling accurate detection of pathological changes including cervical, breast, blood and adrenal cancers. By uniting broadband conversion, tunability and high sensitivity in a single platform, the proposed design overcomes existing limitations and offers a promising route for advanced terahertz biomedical and photonic applications.