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<p>The advancement of communication technologies necessitates the development of compact, broadband, and high-efficiency antenna structures. While conventional models often face challenges with limited bandwidth and inadequate radiation performance, this research introduces an innovative slotted triangular patch antenna that utilizes graphene as its conductive material. The design was modeled and analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The integration of a Sierpinski fractal slot geometry with graphene’s exceptional conductive behavior results in a pronounced resonance at 9.7&#xa0;GHz, with an operational bandwidth spanning from 8.7 to 10&#xa0;GHz. The antenna demonstrates a highly favorable reflection coefficient (S11) of − 35.42 dB and a near-ideal Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 1.03. Furthermore, the design achieves a high peak gain of 10.6 dBi with a directional radiation pattern, markedly enhancing performance compared to earlier graphene-based designs. To ensure accuracy, the proposed design was validated by comparing results from the ADS equivalent circuit model and CST Microwave Studio simulations, showing strong agreement with the COMSOL outcomes. Owing to its excellent impedance matching and high radiation efficiency, the proposed antenna is a potential device for wireless power delivery, IoT modules, aeronautical communication networks, and other advanced wireless systems.</p>

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Design and analysis of a high gain graphene-based slotted triangular patch antenna for advanced wireless systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • B. Elizabeth Caroline,
  • K. Sagadevan,
  • J. Vidhya,
  • A. Mercy

摘要

The advancement of communication technologies necessitates the development of compact, broadband, and high-efficiency antenna structures. While conventional models often face challenges with limited bandwidth and inadequate radiation performance, this research introduces an innovative slotted triangular patch antenna that utilizes graphene as its conductive material. The design was modeled and analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The integration of a Sierpinski fractal slot geometry with graphene’s exceptional conductive behavior results in a pronounced resonance at 9.7 GHz, with an operational bandwidth spanning from 8.7 to 10 GHz. The antenna demonstrates a highly favorable reflection coefficient (S11) of − 35.42 dB and a near-ideal Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 1.03. Furthermore, the design achieves a high peak gain of 10.6 dBi with a directional radiation pattern, markedly enhancing performance compared to earlier graphene-based designs. To ensure accuracy, the proposed design was validated by comparing results from the ADS equivalent circuit model and CST Microwave Studio simulations, showing strong agreement with the COMSOL outcomes. Owing to its excellent impedance matching and high radiation efficiency, the proposed antenna is a potential device for wireless power delivery, IoT modules, aeronautical communication networks, and other advanced wireless systems.