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<p>The researchers introduce a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) detector that can identify Sulphur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) gas. That lethal gas is completely devoid of color, but it possesses a potent smell. Our proposed detector features rectangular cladding in conjunction with a square core. This demonstrates outstanding capability for identifying SO<sub>2</sub> using a heightened relative sensitivity (RS). At its best frequency of 2.6&#xa0;THz, such type of detector contains a maximal relative sensitivity (RS) of 99.71% with a minimum confinement loss of 1.8314 × 10<sup>–13</sup>&#xa0;dB/m. It also has a total loss of 1.2057 × 10<sup>–3</sup>&#xa0;dB/m. The proposed PCF detector exhibits an effective material loss of 0.0012029&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup> along with an effective area of 1.46000 × 10<sup>–7</sup>&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>. Among the primary air contaminants that might irritate and complicate inhalation is SO<sub>2</sub>, and continuous exposure may contribute to persistent respiratory issues. Additionally, it contributes to the formation of acidic rainfall, which in turn damages aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, identifying this deleterious gas is crucial, and the suggested PCF detector can efficiently accomplish this task. The proposed PCF detector may be essential in reducing polluted air levels. It is crucial for enhancing public protection against such lethal components. This work presents a simulation-based design of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) detector using COMSOL Multiphysics, aiming to detect sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) gas with high sensitivity in the terahertz frequency range. </p>

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Efficient integrated photonics with PCFs configuration for advancements in sulphur dioxide sensing: leveraging the capabilities of PCFs technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Diponkar Kundu,
  • Joyanta Chandra Biswas,
  • A. H. M. Iftekharul Ferdous,
  • Ramjan Ali,
  • Ariyan Haque Joy,
  • Most.Momtahina Bani,
  • Mahmoud M. A. Eid,
  • Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed

摘要

The researchers introduce a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) detector that can identify Sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas. That lethal gas is completely devoid of color, but it possesses a potent smell. Our proposed detector features rectangular cladding in conjunction with a square core. This demonstrates outstanding capability for identifying SO2 using a heightened relative sensitivity (RS). At its best frequency of 2.6 THz, such type of detector contains a maximal relative sensitivity (RS) of 99.71% with a minimum confinement loss of 1.8314 × 10–13 dB/m. It also has a total loss of 1.2057 × 10–3 dB/m. The proposed PCF detector exhibits an effective material loss of 0.0012029 cm−1 along with an effective area of 1.46000 × 10–7 m2. Among the primary air contaminants that might irritate and complicate inhalation is SO2, and continuous exposure may contribute to persistent respiratory issues. Additionally, it contributes to the formation of acidic rainfall, which in turn damages aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, identifying this deleterious gas is crucial, and the suggested PCF detector can efficiently accomplish this task. The proposed PCF detector may be essential in reducing polluted air levels. It is crucial for enhancing public protection against such lethal components. This work presents a simulation-based design of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) detector using COMSOL Multiphysics, aiming to detect sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas with high sensitivity in the terahertz frequency range.