<p>Tectonic degassing along active fault zones in continental collisional orogens has attracted increasing attention due to its critical role as a major pathway for the release of deeply sourced CO<sub>2</sub> to Earth’s surface. Active faults are generally characterized by three forms of deep CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (i.e., dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in spring water, bubbling gases, and diffuse soil micro-seepage), but their fluxes were rarely estimated simultaneously in a single study area. Here, we focus on the Sangri-Cona rift (SCR) in the southern Tibetan Plateau, carrying out the estimation of three forms of deep carbon fluxes based on field observations and geochemical analysis of carbon sources. The calculated percentages of deeply sourced CO<sub>2</sub> in the DIC of spring water, CO<sub>2</sub> of bubbling gases, and diffuse soil CO<sub>2</sub> degassing are 75.8%, 72.2%, and 35.7%, respectively. The deeply sourced CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes from the spring water, bubbling gases, and diffuse soil CO<sub>2</sub> in the SCR are estimated to be 1586 ± 26 t yr<sup>−1</sup>, 801 ± 54 t yr<sup>−1</sup>, and 0.46 ± 0.09 Mt yr<sup>−1</sup>, suggesting that diffuse soil CO<sub>2</sub> emissions account for &gt; 99% of the total deep CO<sub>2</sub> output of the SCR. In the Himalayan block, deeply sourced CO<sub>2</sub> in the geothermal fluids mainly originates from metamorphic decarbonation of crustal carbonaceous rocks at different depths. Within the extensional tectonic setting of the SCR, the deeply sourced CO<sub>2</sub> is able to migrate upward through the active fault system, ultimately manifesting at the surface as spring DIC, bubbling gases and diffuse soil CO<sub>2</sub>. Our results indicate that the SCR serves as an excellent example for the Himalayan orogenic CO<sub>2</sub> degassing associated with post-collisional lithospheric extension.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Integrated assessment of hydrothermal and diffuse CO2 emissions in the Sangri-Cona rift, southern Tibetan Plateau

  • Yi Liu,
  • Maoliang Zhang,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Xian-Gang Xie,
  • Linan Wang,
  • Sheng Xu

摘要

Tectonic degassing along active fault zones in continental collisional orogens has attracted increasing attention due to its critical role as a major pathway for the release of deeply sourced CO2 to Earth’s surface. Active faults are generally characterized by three forms of deep CO2 emissions (i.e., dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in spring water, bubbling gases, and diffuse soil micro-seepage), but their fluxes were rarely estimated simultaneously in a single study area. Here, we focus on the Sangri-Cona rift (SCR) in the southern Tibetan Plateau, carrying out the estimation of three forms of deep carbon fluxes based on field observations and geochemical analysis of carbon sources. The calculated percentages of deeply sourced CO2 in the DIC of spring water, CO2 of bubbling gases, and diffuse soil CO2 degassing are 75.8%, 72.2%, and 35.7%, respectively. The deeply sourced CO2 fluxes from the spring water, bubbling gases, and diffuse soil CO2 in the SCR are estimated to be 1586 ± 26 t yr−1, 801 ± 54 t yr−1, and 0.46 ± 0.09 Mt yr−1, suggesting that diffuse soil CO2 emissions account for > 99% of the total deep CO2 output of the SCR. In the Himalayan block, deeply sourced CO2 in the geothermal fluids mainly originates from metamorphic decarbonation of crustal carbonaceous rocks at different depths. Within the extensional tectonic setting of the SCR, the deeply sourced CO2 is able to migrate upward through the active fault system, ultimately manifesting at the surface as spring DIC, bubbling gases and diffuse soil CO2. Our results indicate that the SCR serves as an excellent example for the Himalayan orogenic CO2 degassing associated with post-collisional lithospheric extension.

Graphical abstract