<p>We study the following coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system with critical exponents, which can be seen as a coupled system of the Brezis–Nirenberg problem <Equation ID="Equ105"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_Equ105.gif" Format="GIF" Height="75" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="361" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u=\varepsilon u+\mu _1 |u|^{2^*-2}u+\beta |v|^{\frac{2^*}{2}}|u|^{\frac{2^*}{2}-2} u\quad \text {in }\Omega ,\\ -\Delta v=\tau v+\mu _2 |v|^{2^*-2}v+\beta |u|^\frac{2^*}{2}|v|^{\frac{2^*}{2}-2} v\quad \text {in }\Omega ,\\ u=v=0 \quad \hbox {on }\partial \Omega . \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>v</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mfrac> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>v</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>Here <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="116" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^N (N\geqslant 4)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>⩾</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a smooth bounded domain and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="104" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon , \tau , \mu _1,\mu _2&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. For the attractive case <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\beta &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the asymptotic behavior of least energy solutions as <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="101" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\varepsilon , \tau )\rightarrow (0,0)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> was studied by (Chen–Lin, Inter Math Res Not 2015:11045–11082, 2015), where they proved that the solutions blow up and converge to synchronized solutions of an elliptic system after scaling. In this paper, we study the repulsive case <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\beta &lt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We show that as <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="101" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\varepsilon , \tau )\rightarrow (0,0)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>τ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, two components of low-energy solutions both blow up but repel each other in the sense that <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3093_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="190" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\int _{\Omega }|u_{\varepsilon ,\tau }|^{{2^*}/{2}}|v_{\varepsilon ,\tau }|^{{2^*}/{2}} dx\rightarrow 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>τ</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>τ</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and both components converge to bubble solutions of scalar equations after scaling. The pointwise estimates of both components are also given.</p>

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Asymptotic profiles of low-energy solutions to repulsive Schrödinger systems with critical exponents

  • Zhijie Chen,
  • Junzhao Yu

摘要

We study the following coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system with critical exponents, which can be seen as a coupled system of the Brezis–Nirenberg problem \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u=\varepsilon u+\mu _1 |u|^{2^*-2}u+\beta |v|^{\frac{2^*}{2}}|u|^{\frac{2^*}{2}-2} u\quad \text {in }\Omega ,\\ -\Delta v=\tau v+\mu _2 |v|^{2^*-2}v+\beta |u|^\frac{2^*}{2}|v|^{\frac{2^*}{2}-2} v\quad \text {in }\Omega ,\\ u=v=0 \quad \hbox {on }\partial \Omega . \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) - Δ u = ε u + μ 1 | u | 2 - 2 u + β | v | 2 2 | u | 2 2 - 2 u in Ω , - Δ v = τ v + μ 2 | v | 2 - 2 v + β | u | 2 2 | v | 2 2 - 2 v in Ω , u = v = 0 on Ω . Here \(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^N (N\geqslant 4)\) Ω R N ( N 4 ) is a smooth bounded domain and \(\varepsilon , \tau , \mu _1,\mu _2>0\) ε , τ , μ 1 , μ 2 > 0 . For the attractive case \(\beta >0\) β > 0 , the asymptotic behavior of least energy solutions as \((\varepsilon , \tau )\rightarrow (0,0)\) ( ε , τ ) ( 0 , 0 ) was studied by (Chen–Lin, Inter Math Res Not 2015:11045–11082, 2015), where they proved that the solutions blow up and converge to synchronized solutions of an elliptic system after scaling. In this paper, we study the repulsive case \(\beta <0\) β < 0 . We show that as \((\varepsilon , \tau )\rightarrow (0,0)\) ( ε , τ ) ( 0 , 0 ) , two components of low-energy solutions both blow up but repel each other in the sense that \(\int _{\Omega }|u_{\varepsilon ,\tau }|^{{2^*}/{2}}|v_{\varepsilon ,\tau }|^{{2^*}/{2}} dx\rightarrow 0\) Ω | u ε , τ | 2 / 2 | v ε , τ | 2 / 2 d x 0 , and both components converge to bubble solutions of scalar equations after scaling. The pointwise estimates of both components are also given.