<p>The success of deep neural networks can largely be attributed to large-scale datasets with accurate annotations. In many practical applications, labels are annotated by multiple annotators, resulting in ambiguous labels. To mitigate the impact of such labels, existing deep edge detectors tend only to exploit sparsely reliable samples with high-confident labels by simple voting mechanism. However, lacking sufficient pixel-level learnable samples would severely degrade detection performance. To combat this issue, this work designs a sufficient learning framework for edge detection (SLED) to sufficiently explore reliable samples for model learning, which consists of three stages: sample selection, label refinement, and retraining. Firstly, we propose a sample selection scheme founded on history prediction, which aims to identify more reliable samples and locate unreliable regions containing potentially reliable samples. Secondly, we design an efficient label refinement strategy based on a graph convolutional network (GCN) to propagate reliable label information to unreliable nodes. This strategy can generate "new training targets" with denser, reliable labels for all images. Finally, we retrain the network with these new targets, obtaining a more robust model. Experimental results on three widely used benchmarks show that the proposed detector outperforms all compared SOTA methods. Our code will be released at <a href="https://github.com/wenya1994/SLED">https://github.com/wenya1994/SLED</a>.</p>

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Sufficient learning: mining denser high-quality pixel-level labels for edge detection

  • Xiaodiao Chen,
  • Wenya Yang,
  • Wen Wu,
  • Xiuting Tao,
  • Xiaoyang Mao

摘要

The success of deep neural networks can largely be attributed to large-scale datasets with accurate annotations. In many practical applications, labels are annotated by multiple annotators, resulting in ambiguous labels. To mitigate the impact of such labels, existing deep edge detectors tend only to exploit sparsely reliable samples with high-confident labels by simple voting mechanism. However, lacking sufficient pixel-level learnable samples would severely degrade detection performance. To combat this issue, this work designs a sufficient learning framework for edge detection (SLED) to sufficiently explore reliable samples for model learning, which consists of three stages: sample selection, label refinement, and retraining. Firstly, we propose a sample selection scheme founded on history prediction, which aims to identify more reliable samples and locate unreliable regions containing potentially reliable samples. Secondly, we design an efficient label refinement strategy based on a graph convolutional network (GCN) to propagate reliable label information to unreliable nodes. This strategy can generate "new training targets" with denser, reliable labels for all images. Finally, we retrain the network with these new targets, obtaining a more robust model. Experimental results on three widely used benchmarks show that the proposed detector outperforms all compared SOTA methods. Our code will be released at https://github.com/wenya1994/SLED.