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Purpose <p>This study aims to determine the incidence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in head and neck (HN) cancer patients who underwent post-radiotherapy dental extractions at an Oncology Hospital Dentistry service.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT) in the HN region and subsequent dental extractions between July 2022 and July 2024. Patients with residual disease or tumor recurrence, receiving RT doses below 50Gy, or using antiresorptive/antiangiogenic medications were excluded. Data collected included sociodemographics, medical and dental history, and ORN-related data. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics, version 20.0. Post hoc power analysis was performed using G*Power, version 3.1.</p> Results <p>Out of 115 patients, most were male, with a mean age of 59.9 years, a history of alcohol and tobacco use, and a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. A total of 340 dental extractions were performed, with an ORN incidence of 4.1% (<i>n</i> = 14). ORN was more frequent in the posterior mandible (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and one-third of patients reporting postoperative pain subsequently developed ORN (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that time to initial mucosal repair was longer in patients who developed ORN (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Most ORN cases (78.6%) evolved to recovery or stabilization after treatment.</p> Conclusion <p>The incidence of ORN after dental extractions in irradiated HN cancer patients was low, and most cases progressed to full recovery or stabilization within 6 months. Preventive measures were implemented during the dental extractions and may have played an important role in the prognosis of this condition.</p>

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Incidence of osteoradionecrosis after dental extractions in head and neck cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Luiz Pedro Mendes de Azevedo,
  • Renata da Rocha Arcoverde,
  • Maria Gabriella Apolinário Xavier,
  • Guilherme Rodrigues Wanderley de Oliveira,
  • Allan Vinícius Martins-de-Barros,
  • Lucas Nascimento Ribeiro,
  • Igor Henrique Morais Silva,
  • Raylane Farias de Albuquerque

摘要

Purpose

This study aims to determine the incidence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in head and neck (HN) cancer patients who underwent post-radiotherapy dental extractions at an Oncology Hospital Dentistry service.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT) in the HN region and subsequent dental extractions between July 2022 and July 2024. Patients with residual disease or tumor recurrence, receiving RT doses below 50Gy, or using antiresorptive/antiangiogenic medications were excluded. Data collected included sociodemographics, medical and dental history, and ORN-related data. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics, version 20.0. Post hoc power analysis was performed using G*Power, version 3.1.

Results

Out of 115 patients, most were male, with a mean age of 59.9 years, a history of alcohol and tobacco use, and a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. A total of 340 dental extractions were performed, with an ORN incidence of 4.1% (n = 14). ORN was more frequent in the posterior mandible (p = 0.001), and one-third of patients reporting postoperative pain subsequently developed ORN (p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that time to initial mucosal repair was longer in patients who developed ORN (p < 0.001). Most ORN cases (78.6%) evolved to recovery or stabilization after treatment.

Conclusion

The incidence of ORN after dental extractions in irradiated HN cancer patients was low, and most cases progressed to full recovery or stabilization within 6 months. Preventive measures were implemented during the dental extractions and may have played an important role in the prognosis of this condition.