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<p>Hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and long-term health risks for both mother and child. For the first time our current guidelines integrate gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preconception diabetes into joint guidelines. While the characteristics of individual diabetes subtypes are addressed separately, recommendations regarding lifestyle, glucose monitoring and pharmacotherapy apply to all forms of hyperglycemia during pregnancy. Women with diabetes diagnosed early in pregnancy are classified as pregnant women with overt diabetes, whereas GDM is usually identified by oral glucose tolerance testing (oGTT) between 24&#xa0;and 28&#xa0;weeks gestation, or earlier in high-risk patients. A&#xa0;novel aspect is the consideration of specific diagnostic criteria for early GDM. Key management strategies include nutritional counselling, regular self-monitoring of blood glucose and physical activity, with insulin as the treatment of choice if glycemic targets are not achieved. In women with preconception diabetes, pregnancy planning, preconception metabolic optimization and close interdisciplinary care are essential. Technical advances in continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump therapy and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems are becoming increasingly more relevant in pregnancy. Postpartum, women with GDM should undergo an oGTT 4–12&#xa0;weeks after delivery, with follow-up screening every 1–3&#xa0;years if results are normal. All affected women should be informed about their elevated risk of type&#xa0;2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Breastfeeding is strongly recommended. Children of mothers with GDM or diabetes require long-term follow-up due to an increased risk of obesity and developmental disorders.</p>

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Management der Hyperglykämie in der Schwangerschaft (Update 2026)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Alexandra Kautzky-Willer,
  • Yvonne Winhofer,
  • Michael Leutner,
  • Herbert Kiss,
  • Veronica Falcone,
  • Tina Linder,
  • Angelika Berger,
  • Lukas Wisgrill,
  • Monika Lechleitner,
  • Raimund Weitgasser,
  • Simone Huber,
  • Jürgen Harreiter

摘要

Hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and long-term health risks for both mother and child. For the first time our current guidelines integrate gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preconception diabetes into joint guidelines. While the characteristics of individual diabetes subtypes are addressed separately, recommendations regarding lifestyle, glucose monitoring and pharmacotherapy apply to all forms of hyperglycemia during pregnancy. Women with diabetes diagnosed early in pregnancy are classified as pregnant women with overt diabetes, whereas GDM is usually identified by oral glucose tolerance testing (oGTT) between 24 and 28 weeks gestation, or earlier in high-risk patients. A novel aspect is the consideration of specific diagnostic criteria for early GDM. Key management strategies include nutritional counselling, regular self-monitoring of blood glucose and physical activity, with insulin as the treatment of choice if glycemic targets are not achieved. In women with preconception diabetes, pregnancy planning, preconception metabolic optimization and close interdisciplinary care are essential. Technical advances in continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pump therapy and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems are becoming increasingly more relevant in pregnancy. Postpartum, women with GDM should undergo an oGTT 4–12 weeks after delivery, with follow-up screening every 1–3 years if results are normal. All affected women should be informed about their elevated risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Breastfeeding is strongly recommended. Children of mothers with GDM or diabetes require long-term follow-up due to an increased risk of obesity and developmental disorders.