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<p>Cremation burials have been documented since the Neolithic period, but burial rites changed over time. In Central Europe, cremation was the predominant form of burial during the Urnfield period (1300–800 BC).</p><p>Since not only the deceased but also jewelry and everyday objects were placed on the funeral pyre during cremation, these objects underwent changes due to the effects of heat. The relationship between heat treatment and microstructural changes has already been demonstrated in bronze objects from cremation burials. The situation is more complex with iron finds, as rust from storage in the ground is present in addition to the scale produced during cremation.</p><p>Two harp-shaped fibulae and a&#xa0;spiral-headed pin were reconstructed from iron wires. Two knives were made from an iron sheet. These pieces were heat-treated in an experimental cremation and then examined by metallography.</p><p>It was found that the formed scale layer depends strongly on the temperature and the environment of the test pieces. Recrystallization of the iron structure was also partially detected.</p>

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Veränderungen von Eisenobjekten während eines experimentellen Kremierungsexperiments

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Roland Haubner,
  • Susanne Strobl,
  • Wolfgang Scheiblechner

摘要

Cremation burials have been documented since the Neolithic period, but burial rites changed over time. In Central Europe, cremation was the predominant form of burial during the Urnfield period (1300–800 BC).

Since not only the deceased but also jewelry and everyday objects were placed on the funeral pyre during cremation, these objects underwent changes due to the effects of heat. The relationship between heat treatment and microstructural changes has already been demonstrated in bronze objects from cremation burials. The situation is more complex with iron finds, as rust from storage in the ground is present in addition to the scale produced during cremation.

Two harp-shaped fibulae and a spiral-headed pin were reconstructed from iron wires. Two knives were made from an iron sheet. These pieces were heat-treated in an experimental cremation and then examined by metallography.

It was found that the formed scale layer depends strongly on the temperature and the environment of the test pieces. Recrystallization of the iron structure was also partially detected.