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<p>A&#xa0;review of recent research findings suggests that hydrogen will play a&#xa0;pivotal role in future process technologies and energy systems, provided that its production can be accomplished with minimal CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In industrial contexts, the utilisation of low-emission hydrogen can substantially contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through its incorporation as a&#xa0;material (e.g. reduction processes in metallurgy) or as an energy source (e.g. high-temperature processes). The use of low-emission hydrogen is thus identified as a&#xa0;pivotal element in the transformation of various industrial processes, including steel and cement production, thereby making a&#xa0;substantial contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.</p><p>The current discourse encompasses a&#xa0;range of process pathways for the production of low-emission hydrogen, including steam reforming of natural gas with additional separation and storage or the utilisation of CO<sub>2</sub>, on the one hand, and electrolysis based on the use of renewable electrical energy, on the other. Methane pyrolysis is another such alternative, offering several advantages for the large-scale production of low-emission hydrogen for industrial use, including (1)&#xa0;a&#xa0;lower specific electrical energy requirement compared to electrolysis, (2)&#xa0;the potential to utilise existing infrastructure for transporting natural gas, and (3)&#xa0;the production of solid carbon for a&#xa0;wide range of applications. However, methane pyrolysis faces challenges in terms of technological maturity, which currently hinders its large-scale commercial implementation. Consequently, the forecasting of economic viability is subject to significant variability, despite the prevalence of favourable projections derived from diverse analytical assessments.</p><p>With regard to the effective utilisation of natural gas, Montanuniversität Leoben is conducting intensive research into the entire methane pyrolysis process chain, the scaling up of various methane pyrolysis technologies to demonstration scale and, in particular, the use of solid carbon from methane pyrolysis as a&#xa0;soil additive in agriculture. The utilisation option under discussion enables three key outcomes: (1)&#xa0;an increase in the resilience of crops to drought stress, (2)&#xa0;an increase in the water retention capacity of soils, and (3)&#xa0;a&#xa0;contribution to humus formation.</p>

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Fokus Methanpyrolyse – Sektorübergreifende Transformation mit emissionsarmem Wasserstoff und Klimawandelanpassung mit festem Kohlenstoff

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月23日

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  • Robert Obenaus-Emler,
  • Markus Lehner,
  • Susanne Michelic,
  • Helmut Antrekowitsch

摘要

A review of recent research findings suggests that hydrogen will play a pivotal role in future process technologies and energy systems, provided that its production can be accomplished with minimal CO2 emissions. In industrial contexts, the utilisation of low-emission hydrogen can substantially contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through its incorporation as a material (e.g. reduction processes in metallurgy) or as an energy source (e.g. high-temperature processes). The use of low-emission hydrogen is thus identified as a pivotal element in the transformation of various industrial processes, including steel and cement production, thereby making a substantial contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

The current discourse encompasses a range of process pathways for the production of low-emission hydrogen, including steam reforming of natural gas with additional separation and storage or the utilisation of CO2, on the one hand, and electrolysis based on the use of renewable electrical energy, on the other. Methane pyrolysis is another such alternative, offering several advantages for the large-scale production of low-emission hydrogen for industrial use, including (1) a lower specific electrical energy requirement compared to electrolysis, (2) the potential to utilise existing infrastructure for transporting natural gas, and (3) the production of solid carbon for a wide range of applications. However, methane pyrolysis faces challenges in terms of technological maturity, which currently hinders its large-scale commercial implementation. Consequently, the forecasting of economic viability is subject to significant variability, despite the prevalence of favourable projections derived from diverse analytical assessments.

With regard to the effective utilisation of natural gas, Montanuniversität Leoben is conducting intensive research into the entire methane pyrolysis process chain, the scaling up of various methane pyrolysis technologies to demonstration scale and, in particular, the use of solid carbon from methane pyrolysis as a soil additive in agriculture. The utilisation option under discussion enables three key outcomes: (1) an increase in the resilience of crops to drought stress, (2) an increase in the water retention capacity of soils, and (3) a contribution to humus formation.