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<p>A large number of deadly heat waves have been observed over the last few decades. They have important consequences on public health. To protect populations, a variety of heat-health warning systems (HHWS) has been developed. Conventional HHWS are based on a single threshold. Tiered HHWS was established on the basis of more than one threshold for a given indicator. Despite their usefulness, there are limited studies regarding the development and application of tiered HHWS.&#xa0;The objective of this study is to conduct a scoping review regarding tiered HHWSs. A scoping review of existing literature was performed based on best practices. Studies from all countries, in French or English languages published after 2000 have been considered.&#xa0;Ten studies covering seventeen tiered systems in different regions around the world have been included. Among them, only three studies are peer reviewed. In addition, significant variation is found in the determination of alert thresholds with no universal tiered system.&#xa0;This scoping review can be seen as a starting point towards encouraging the development of tiered HHWSs in regions without such systems or to improve existing ones. To standardize tiered system methodologies, a common approach is required that integrates the advantages and relevant variables of these systems.</p>

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Tiered heat-health warning systems: a scoping review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Fateh Chebana,
  • Ousmane Aboubacar Oumarou Sanda,
  • Céline Campagna

摘要

A large number of deadly heat waves have been observed over the last few decades. They have important consequences on public health. To protect populations, a variety of heat-health warning systems (HHWS) has been developed. Conventional HHWS are based on a single threshold. Tiered HHWS was established on the basis of more than one threshold for a given indicator. Despite their usefulness, there are limited studies regarding the development and application of tiered HHWS. The objective of this study is to conduct a scoping review regarding tiered HHWSs. A scoping review of existing literature was performed based on best practices. Studies from all countries, in French or English languages published after 2000 have been considered. Ten studies covering seventeen tiered systems in different regions around the world have been included. Among them, only three studies are peer reviewed. In addition, significant variation is found in the determination of alert thresholds with no universal tiered system. This scoping review can be seen as a starting point towards encouraging the development of tiered HHWSs in regions without such systems or to improve existing ones. To standardize tiered system methodologies, a common approach is required that integrates the advantages and relevant variables of these systems.