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<p>The mixing of pollutants in the water bodies depends on velocity and their fluctuations. These fluctuations are further impacted by the presence of flexible vegetation. The spreading of contaminants due to the rise of randomness along the flow through vegetation is expressed in terms of longitudinal dispersion (<i>D</i><sub><i>L</i></sub>). The experiments were carried out in the recirculating flume in the presence of artificial flexible vegetation to estimate <i>D</i><sub><i>L</i></sub>. An acoustic Doppler profiler (ADP) was used to measure the velocity data at different sections along the depth. The obtained data were categorized into eight octant zones, and stochastic methods including occurrence probability (zero-order Markov), transitional probability (first-order Markov), and inclination angles were applied. The results show that the mixing increases with the decrease in the deviation of occurrence and transitional probability, which further increases the fluctuation and eventually spreading of pollutants. The rising trend of average inclination angle at each zone indicates the disturbance created by the obstruction, built by the vegetation. The reverse trend is observed between turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and <i>D</i><sub><i>L</i></sub> above the vegetative array. In addition, the <i>D</i><sub><i>L</i></sub> increases along the vertical section as the flow passes through the vegetation at a given submergence ratio (<i>Sr</i>), which is defined as the ratio of water depth (<i>H</i>) to plant length (<i>L</i>). Further, the results reveal the turbulence characteristics of flow in the presence of flexible vegetation and provide useful information for the estimation of <i>D</i><sub><i>L</i></sub> combined with stochastic methods.</p>

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Octant analysis of velocity data for estimation of longitudinal dispersion through flexible vegetation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Sourabh Kakani,
  • Arindam Sarkar

摘要

The mixing of pollutants in the water bodies depends on velocity and their fluctuations. These fluctuations are further impacted by the presence of flexible vegetation. The spreading of contaminants due to the rise of randomness along the flow through vegetation is expressed in terms of longitudinal dispersion (DL). The experiments were carried out in the recirculating flume in the presence of artificial flexible vegetation to estimate DL. An acoustic Doppler profiler (ADP) was used to measure the velocity data at different sections along the depth. The obtained data were categorized into eight octant zones, and stochastic methods including occurrence probability (zero-order Markov), transitional probability (first-order Markov), and inclination angles were applied. The results show that the mixing increases with the decrease in the deviation of occurrence and transitional probability, which further increases the fluctuation and eventually spreading of pollutants. The rising trend of average inclination angle at each zone indicates the disturbance created by the obstruction, built by the vegetation. The reverse trend is observed between turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and DL above the vegetative array. In addition, the DL increases along the vertical section as the flow passes through the vegetation at a given submergence ratio (Sr), which is defined as the ratio of water depth (H) to plant length (L). Further, the results reveal the turbulence characteristics of flow in the presence of flexible vegetation and provide useful information for the estimation of DL combined with stochastic methods.