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<p>This study investigates the capability of the residual-based variational multiscale (RBVMS) method in predicting turbulent flow separation over a rearward-facing ramp, representative of category III separation. Linear finite element discretizations are employed on a sequence of systematically refined meshes to examine grid convergence, and synthetic turbulence generation is used at the inflow to ensure consistent boundary-layer development. The results are compared with wall-resolved LES, wall-modeled LES and DNS, in terms of onset of separation, skin friction distribution, and reattachment behavior. A separate analysis of spanwise extent reveals that increasing the domain from <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="466_2025_2650_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="37" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(4\delta _{BL}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <msub> <mi>δ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">BL</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="466_2025_2650_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="37" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(8\delta _{BL}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>8</mn> <msub> <mi>δ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">BL</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> significantly improves solution smoothness and physical accuracy, with minimal differences observed between <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="466_2025_2650_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="37" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(8\delta _{BL}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>8</mn> <msub> <mi>δ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">BL</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="466_2025_2650_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(16\delta _{BL}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>16</mn> <msub> <mi>δ</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">BL</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> cases. This work demonstrates that the RBVMS method, combined with linear finite elements, have a great potential for simulating smooth-body turbulent flow separation.</p>

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Predicting smooth body flow separation with finite-element-based variational multiscale formulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月9日

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  • S. Dave,
  • A. Korobenko

摘要

This study investigates the capability of the residual-based variational multiscale (RBVMS) method in predicting turbulent flow separation over a rearward-facing ramp, representative of category III separation. Linear finite element discretizations are employed on a sequence of systematically refined meshes to examine grid convergence, and synthetic turbulence generation is used at the inflow to ensure consistent boundary-layer development. The results are compared with wall-resolved LES, wall-modeled LES and DNS, in terms of onset of separation, skin friction distribution, and reattachment behavior. A separate analysis of spanwise extent reveals that increasing the domain from \(4\delta _{BL}\) 4 δ BL to \(8\delta _{BL}\) 8 δ BL significantly improves solution smoothness and physical accuracy, with minimal differences observed between \(8\delta _{BL}\) 8 δ BL and \(16\delta _{BL}\) 16 δ BL cases. This work demonstrates that the RBVMS method, combined with linear finite elements, have a great potential for simulating smooth-body turbulent flow separation.