<p>We present high-resolution Space–Time Isogeometric Analysis (ST-IGA) of NREL 5MW wind turbine long-wake flow, computed up to 10 rotor diameters downstream of the turbine. The ST Variational Multiscale (ST-VMS) method serves as the core method in the computation. The time-periodic velocity data at the inflow boundary of the wake domain comes from a wind turbine rotor and tower aerodynamics computation conducted earlier with the ST-IGA and ST-VMS. The wake flow is computed with the Carrier-Domain Method (CDM), introduced for high-resolution, high-efficiency computation of time-periodic long-wake flows. In the CDM, a short segment of the wake domain, the carrier domain (CD), moves in the free-stream direction, from the beginning of the long wake domain to the end. The data at the moving inflow plane comes from the time-periodic data computed at an earlier position of the CD. With the high mesh resolution that can easily be afforded over the short domain segment, the wake flow patterns can be carried, with superior accuracy, far downstream. The CDM has two versions, one where the CD moves in a continuous fashion (“CDM-C”), and one where it moves in a discrete fashion (“CDM-D”). The computations here are with the CDM-D. First, as a test long-wake flow computation with the CDM-D, we compute the 2D wake flow for a cylinder, at Reynolds number 100, up to 350 diameters downstream of the cylinder. We show that the wake flow is nearly indistinguishable from what is computed over the full wake domain (FWD). Next, we compute the wind turbine wake up to 5 rotor diameters downstream, showing again a very good match with the wake computed over the FWD. Following that, we extend the wake computation up to 10 diameters downstream. The computations presented demonstrate that the ST-IGA, ST-VMS, and CDM form a powerful computational framework for wind turbine long-wake flow analysis.</p>

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High-resolution Space–Time Isogeometric Analysis of NREL 5MW wind turbine long-wake flow

  • Yang Liu,
  • Kenji Takizawa,
  • Tayfun E. Tezduyar

摘要

We present high-resolution Space–Time Isogeometric Analysis (ST-IGA) of NREL 5MW wind turbine long-wake flow, computed up to 10 rotor diameters downstream of the turbine. The ST Variational Multiscale (ST-VMS) method serves as the core method in the computation. The time-periodic velocity data at the inflow boundary of the wake domain comes from a wind turbine rotor and tower aerodynamics computation conducted earlier with the ST-IGA and ST-VMS. The wake flow is computed with the Carrier-Domain Method (CDM), introduced for high-resolution, high-efficiency computation of time-periodic long-wake flows. In the CDM, a short segment of the wake domain, the carrier domain (CD), moves in the free-stream direction, from the beginning of the long wake domain to the end. The data at the moving inflow plane comes from the time-periodic data computed at an earlier position of the CD. With the high mesh resolution that can easily be afforded over the short domain segment, the wake flow patterns can be carried, with superior accuracy, far downstream. The CDM has two versions, one where the CD moves in a continuous fashion (“CDM-C”), and one where it moves in a discrete fashion (“CDM-D”). The computations here are with the CDM-D. First, as a test long-wake flow computation with the CDM-D, we compute the 2D wake flow for a cylinder, at Reynolds number 100, up to 350 diameters downstream of the cylinder. We show that the wake flow is nearly indistinguishable from what is computed over the full wake domain (FWD). Next, we compute the wind turbine wake up to 5 rotor diameters downstream, showing again a very good match with the wake computed over the FWD. Following that, we extend the wake computation up to 10 diameters downstream. The computations presented demonstrate that the ST-IGA, ST-VMS, and CDM form a powerful computational framework for wind turbine long-wake flow analysis.