<p>We consider the following problem that we call the <span>Shortest Two Disjoint Paths</span> problem: given an undirected graph&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G=(V,E)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with edge weight function <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({w:E\rightarrow \mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>w</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, two terminals <i>s</i> and&#xa0;<i>t</i> in&#xa0;<i>G</i>, find two internally vertex-disjoint paths between <i>s</i> and <i>t</i> with minimum total weight. As shown recently by Schlotter and Sebő (2022), this problem becomes <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textsf{NP}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">NP</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-hard if edges can have negative weights, even if the weight function is conservative, i.e., there are no cycles in&#xa0;<i>G</i> with negative total weight. We propose a polynomial-time algorithm that solves the <span>Shortest Two Disjoint Paths</span> problem for conservative weights in the case when the negative-weight edges form a constant number of trees in&#xa0;<i>G</i>.</p>

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Shortest Two Disjoint Paths in Conservative Graphs

  • Ildikó Schlotter

摘要

We consider the following problem that we call the Shortest Two Disjoint Paths problem: given an undirected graph  \(G=(V,E)\) G = ( V , E ) with edge weight function \({w:E\rightarrow \mathbb {R}}\) w : E R , two terminals s and t in G, find two internally vertex-disjoint paths between s and t with minimum total weight. As shown recently by Schlotter and Sebő (2022), this problem becomes \(\textsf{NP}\) NP -hard if edges can have negative weights, even if the weight function is conservative, i.e., there are no cycles in G with negative total weight. We propose a polynomial-time algorithm that solves the Shortest Two Disjoint Paths problem for conservative weights in the case when the negative-weight edges form a constant number of trees in G.