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<p>Industrial wastewater, particularly antibiotic-laden effluents, poses a significant environmental threat, necessitating efficient and sustainable remediation strategies. In this study, ZnO/Au nanocomposites were synthesized using <i>Urtica dioica</i> extract (ZnO/Au@<i>UDE</i> NCs), offering an eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical methods. The NCs exhibited well-defined spherical and oval morphologies (40–50&#xa0;nm), as confirmed by FTIR, TEM, and XRD analyses. Their photocatalytic efficiency in degrading penicillin G was optimized by adjusting key parameters, achieving rapid degradation within 130&#xa0;min. The incorporation of gold nanoparticles significantly enhanced the electron–hole separation, thereby improving photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, ZnO/Au@<i>UDE</i> NCs demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (MIC: 125&#xa0;µg/ml) and exhibited strong antioxidant and anticancer properties, with IC50 values of 72.49&#xa0;µg/ml for MCF-7 and 23.63&#xa0;µg/ml for AGS cancer cells. The combined photocatalytic and biological functionalities highlight the potential of these NCs for environmental remediation and biomedical applications, demonstrating a sustainable and multifunctional approach to nanomaterial development.</p>

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Biosynthesized ZnO-based bimetallic nanocomposite for anticancer, antimicrobial, and photocatalytic applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月23日

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  • Nidal M. Hussein,
  • Sobhan Mortazavi-Drazkola

摘要

Industrial wastewater, particularly antibiotic-laden effluents, poses a significant environmental threat, necessitating efficient and sustainable remediation strategies. In this study, ZnO/Au nanocomposites were synthesized using Urtica dioica extract (ZnO/Au@UDE NCs), offering an eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical methods. The NCs exhibited well-defined spherical and oval morphologies (40–50 nm), as confirmed by FTIR, TEM, and XRD analyses. Their photocatalytic efficiency in degrading penicillin G was optimized by adjusting key parameters, achieving rapid degradation within 130 min. The incorporation of gold nanoparticles significantly enhanced the electron–hole separation, thereby improving photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, ZnO/Au@UDE NCs demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC: 125 µg/ml) and exhibited strong antioxidant and anticancer properties, with IC50 values of 72.49 µg/ml for MCF-7 and 23.63 µg/ml for AGS cancer cells. The combined photocatalytic and biological functionalities highlight the potential of these NCs for environmental remediation and biomedical applications, demonstrating a sustainable and multifunctional approach to nanomaterial development.