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<p><i>Sox</i> genes encode a family of transcription factors that regulate multiple biological processes during metazoan development, including embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, nervous system specification, and stem cell maintenance. The planarian <i>Dugesia japonica</i> contains a reservoir of stem cells that grow and divide continuously to support cellular turnover. However, whether SOX proteins retain these conserved functions in planarians remains to be determined. In this study, three <i>sox</i> gene homologs, <i>DjsoxP-1</i>, <i>DjsoxP-5</i>, and <i>Djsox5</i>, were identified in the planarian transcriptome, and their roles were investigated. The results showed that the amino acids deduced from the three <i>sox</i> genes all contained high-mobility group (HMG) domain sequences, which are highly conserved in sox family members. Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated that the three <i>sox</i> genes were mainly expressed in parenchymal tissues and regenerative blastema. Additionally, X-ray irradiation assay and dFISH suggested that the three <i>Djsox</i> genes were expressed in neoblasts and other cell types. Head regression in intact planarian and smaller blastemas in both head or tail fragments of regenerating planarians were exhibited with <i>DjsoxP-1</i> and <i>Djsox5</i> RNA interference (RNAi) compared to the control animals, suggesting that <i>DjsoxP-1</i> and <i>Djsox5</i> have essential roles during cellular turnover and regeneration in planarians; conversely, there was no obvious phenotypic abnormalities or regeneration defect in <i>DjsoxP-5</i> RNAi animals. Knockdown of <i>DjsoxP-1</i> or <i>Djsox5</i> decreased neoblast proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that <i>DjsoxP-1</i> and <i>Djsox5</i> are involved in cellular turnover and regeneration in planarians by modulating coordination between cell proliferation and apoptosis.</p>

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DjsoxP-1 and Djsox5 are essential for tissue homeostasis and regeneration in Dugesia japonica

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月7日

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  • Weiyun Guo,
  • Xiao Liu,
  • Lina Pang,
  • Zhihong Kong,
  • Ziyi Lin,
  • Jing Ren,
  • Zimei Dong,
  • Guangwen Chen,
  • Dezeng Liu

摘要

Sox genes encode a family of transcription factors that regulate multiple biological processes during metazoan development, including embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, nervous system specification, and stem cell maintenance. The planarian Dugesia japonica contains a reservoir of stem cells that grow and divide continuously to support cellular turnover. However, whether SOX proteins retain these conserved functions in planarians remains to be determined. In this study, three sox gene homologs, DjsoxP-1, DjsoxP-5, and Djsox5, were identified in the planarian transcriptome, and their roles were investigated. The results showed that the amino acids deduced from the three sox genes all contained high-mobility group (HMG) domain sequences, which are highly conserved in sox family members. Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated that the three sox genes were mainly expressed in parenchymal tissues and regenerative blastema. Additionally, X-ray irradiation assay and dFISH suggested that the three Djsox genes were expressed in neoblasts and other cell types. Head regression in intact planarian and smaller blastemas in both head or tail fragments of regenerating planarians were exhibited with DjsoxP-1 and Djsox5 RNA interference (RNAi) compared to the control animals, suggesting that DjsoxP-1 and Djsox5 have essential roles during cellular turnover and regeneration in planarians; conversely, there was no obvious phenotypic abnormalities or regeneration defect in DjsoxP-5 RNAi animals. Knockdown of DjsoxP-1 or Djsox5 decreased neoblast proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that DjsoxP-1 and Djsox5 are involved in cellular turnover and regeneration in planarians by modulating coordination between cell proliferation and apoptosis.