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<p>Chicken coccidiosis is a ubiquitous and economically significant disease that causes substantial production losses in the poultry industry. It is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus <i>Eimeria</i>, which damage the intestinal epithelium, leading to diarrhoea, poor growth, and mortality. This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, molecular diversity, and phylogenetic relationships of <i>Eimeria</i> infections in commercial poultry farms in Bangladesh. A total of 350 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven major poultry-producing regions and screened microscopically for oocysts. Farm-level data were obtained through structured interviews to assess associated risk factors. Samples with high oocyst loads were subjected to molecular analysis targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 region, followed by Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction. The overall prevalence was 85.14%, with regional variation ranging from 61.22% in Sylhet to 100% in Joypurhat. Significant associations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) were observed with bird type, prior coccidiosis exposure, drinking water source, anticoccidial used, and veterinary support. Sequence analysis confirmed the presence of all seven recognized <i>Eimeria</i> species, showing 98.05–100% similarity with reference sequences. Mixed infections were highly prevalent (97.57%), with multiple species detected per sample. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the study isolates consistently grouped with their corresponding reference taxa, supported by strong bootstrap values, and confirming accurate species identification and genetic relatedness. In conclusion, detection of all <i>Eimeria</i> species, together with the high burden of mixed infections and the influence of modifiable management factors, underscores the necessity for improved and integrated control measures for coccidiosis in commercial poultry systems in Bangladesh. Clinical trial number: not applicable.</p>

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Prevalence, risk factors and mixed Eimeria infection detection in broiler and Sonali birds of some poultry concentrated zones of Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Bimal Chandra Karmakar,
  • Nusrat Nowrin Shohana,
  • Subir Sarker,
  • Anita Rani Dey,
  • Sharmin Aqter Rony,
  • Shirin Akter,
  • Anisuzzaman,
  • Mohammad Zahangir Alam

摘要

Chicken coccidiosis is a ubiquitous and economically significant disease that causes substantial production losses in the poultry industry. It is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which damage the intestinal epithelium, leading to diarrhoea, poor growth, and mortality. This study investigated the prevalence, risk factors, molecular diversity, and phylogenetic relationships of Eimeria infections in commercial poultry farms in Bangladesh. A total of 350 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven major poultry-producing regions and screened microscopically for oocysts. Farm-level data were obtained through structured interviews to assess associated risk factors. Samples with high oocyst loads were subjected to molecular analysis targeting the internal transcribed spacer 1 region, followed by Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction. The overall prevalence was 85.14%, with regional variation ranging from 61.22% in Sylhet to 100% in Joypurhat. Significant associations (p < 0.05) were observed with bird type, prior coccidiosis exposure, drinking water source, anticoccidial used, and veterinary support. Sequence analysis confirmed the presence of all seven recognized Eimeria species, showing 98.05–100% similarity with reference sequences. Mixed infections were highly prevalent (97.57%), with multiple species detected per sample. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the study isolates consistently grouped with their corresponding reference taxa, supported by strong bootstrap values, and confirming accurate species identification and genetic relatedness. In conclusion, detection of all Eimeria species, together with the high burden of mixed infections and the influence of modifiable management factors, underscores the necessity for improved and integrated control measures for coccidiosis in commercial poultry systems in Bangladesh. Clinical trial number: not applicable.