<p><i>Azpeytia shirakii</i> Hurkmans is a major pest of <i>Gastrodia elata</i>, relying critically on its cephalic sensilla for foraging, mating, and oviposition site selection. This study employed scanning electron microscopy to investigate sexual dimorphism in the cephalic sensory structures of <i>A. shirakii</i>, specifically the frons, antennae, and compound eyes. Four types of sensilla were identified across these structures: sensilla trichodea, sensilla basiconica, microtrichia, and two subtypes of sensilla chaetica. The compound eyes consisted of regularly arranged, square-shaped ommatidia. Surprisingly, sensilla basiconica, which lacked longitudinal grooves and displayed micropores, were uniformly distributed across interommatidial regions. Sexual dimorphism was pronounced not only in the dimensions of the antennae but also in the length of their constituent sensilla. Notably, microtrichia on the frons are arranged in a sexually dimorphic pattern: sparse centrally and dense laterally in females, with the opposite in males. Additionally, sensilla trichodea on the female frons were significantly shorter than those in males. These findings demonstrate conspicuous sexual dimorphism in the cephalic sensory morphology of <i>A. shirakii</i>, providing a structural basis for future research on sex-specific behavioral adaptations.</p>