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<p>With the newly approved RSV preventive strategies enabling universal protection of infants, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of RSV hospitalization incidence, prior to the introduction of these strategies in order to facilitate an assessment of their impact. Children ≤ 2&#xa0;years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection between 2020–2023 in France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and United Kingdom were included and compared with the 2018–2019 season. The population-based incidence was calculated as number of RSV hospitalizations divided by market share-adjusted number of children in the catchment area.&#xa0;Across participating countries, we observed a decrease in RSV hospitalization incidence during the 2020–2021 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, dropping to 5.9/1000 child-years (95%CI 5.4–6.3) compared with 11.3/1000 child-years (95%CI 10.6–11.9) in 2018–2019. This decline was followed by a rebound in incidence, with rates reaching 13.8/1000 child-years (95%CI 13.0–14.5) in 2021–2022 and 18.8/1000 child-years (95%CI 18.0–19.7) in 2022–2023. Distinct patterns of RSV resurgence were observed across countries. During the 2020–2021 season, there was an increase in PICU admissions (29.5% vs 20.0% pre-pandemic, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), despite a lower total number of RSV admissions (610 vs 1,238) compared to the 2018–2019 season.</p><p><i>Conclusions</i>:&#xa0;The population-based incidence of RSV hospitalization in children ≤ 2&#xa0;years is substantial. Considerable variation in incidence was observed between 2020 and 2023, with an initial decline during the COVID-19 pandemic followed by a rebound in the subsequent seasons. Our study underscores the importance of RSV surveillance and flexibility in RSV preventive strategies.<Table Float="No" ID="Taba"> <tgroup cols="1"> <colspec align="left" colname="c1" colnum="1" /> <tbody> <row> <entry align="left" colname="c1"> <p><b>What is Known:</b></p> <p>• <i>RSV is a major cause of hospitalization in young children under 5 years of age worldwide</i>.</p> <p>• <i>RSV seasonality was disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic</i>.</p> </entry> </row> <row> <entry align="left" colname="c1"> <p><b>What is New:</b></p> <p>• <i>Distinct patterns of RSV resurgence were observed across five European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an initial decline in incidence of RSV associated hospitalizations in children ≤ 2 years, followed by a rebound in the subsequent seasons, reaching 18.8 per 1,000 child-years (95% CI: 18.0 - 19.7) in 2022-2023</i>.</p> </entry> </row> </tbody> </tgroup> </Table></p>

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Dynamics of RSV hospitalization rates in ≤ 2-year-old children between 2020–2023 in Europe

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月13日

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  • Joanne G. Wildenbeest,
  • Louis Bont,
  • Daniela Cianci,
  • Chiara Azzari,
  • Jacques Brouard,
  • Cristina Calvo,
  • Renato Cutrera,
  • Simon B. Drysdale,
  • Ralph Epaud,
  • Atul Gupta,
  • Egbert Herting,
  • Johannes Liese,
  • Federico Martinon-Torres,
  • Madelyn Ruggieri,
  • Yoonyoung Choi,
  • Celine Delestrain,
  • Mickael Shum,
  • Caroline Faucon,
  • Nicola Ullmann,
  • Anna Chiara Vittucci,
  • Clara Haug,
  • Niklas Jaboks,
  • Silvia Ricci,
  • Chiara Rubino,
  • Geraldine Engels,
  • Katharina Hecker,
  • Andrea Streng,
  • Julia Bley,
  • Natasha Thorn

摘要

With the newly approved RSV preventive strategies enabling universal protection of infants, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding of RSV hospitalization incidence, prior to the introduction of these strategies in order to facilitate an assessment of their impact. Children ≤ 2 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection between 2020–2023 in France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and United Kingdom were included and compared with the 2018–2019 season. The population-based incidence was calculated as number of RSV hospitalizations divided by market share-adjusted number of children in the catchment area. Across participating countries, we observed a decrease in RSV hospitalization incidence during the 2020–2021 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic, dropping to 5.9/1000 child-years (95%CI 5.4–6.3) compared with 11.3/1000 child-years (95%CI 10.6–11.9) in 2018–2019. This decline was followed by a rebound in incidence, with rates reaching 13.8/1000 child-years (95%CI 13.0–14.5) in 2021–2022 and 18.8/1000 child-years (95%CI 18.0–19.7) in 2022–2023. Distinct patterns of RSV resurgence were observed across countries. During the 2020–2021 season, there was an increase in PICU admissions (29.5% vs 20.0% pre-pandemic, p < 0.001), despite a lower total number of RSV admissions (610 vs 1,238) compared to the 2018–2019 season.

Conclusions: The population-based incidence of RSV hospitalization in children ≤ 2 years is substantial. Considerable variation in incidence was observed between 2020 and 2023, with an initial decline during the COVID-19 pandemic followed by a rebound in the subsequent seasons. Our study underscores the importance of RSV surveillance and flexibility in RSV preventive strategies.

What is Known:

• RSV is a major cause of hospitalization in young children under 5 years of age worldwide.

• RSV seasonality was disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic.

What is New:

• Distinct patterns of RSV resurgence were observed across five European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, with an initial decline in incidence of RSV associated hospitalizations in children ≤ 2 years, followed by a rebound in the subsequent seasons, reaching 18.8 per 1,000 child-years (95% CI: 18.0 - 19.7) in 2022-2023.