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Objective <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution at the residential address and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a younger working population.</p> Methods <p>The study population included all Danish residents aged 35–50 in 1995 with employment and no previous diagnosis of AMI. Information on AMI was obtained through national registries. We estimated the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), elemental carbon (EC) and primary organic aerosols (POA) from 1979 onwards based on the Danish integrated multi-scale air pollution modeling system. Poisson regression models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of AMI.</p> Results <p>903,415 individuals were included in this cohort, covering almost 20&#xa0;million person-years of follow-up between 1996 and 2018. In total 35,511 developed AMI. Our main analyses showed a clear exposure-response relationship between cumulative exposure to each of the air pollutants and incident AMI. Exposure was categorized into quartiles (Q1–Q4), with Q1 as reference. The most pronounced association was observed for PM<sub>2.5</sub> with IRRs of 1.08 [95% CI 1.04,1.13], 1.14 [95% CI 1.09,1.20] and 1.24 [95% CI 1.18,1.31] in Q2–Q4 in model 4 (fully adjusted). The associations were observed for both sexes and across age groups.</p> Conclusion <p>Our findings suggest that long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, EC, and POA are associated with an increased risk of incident AMI, also pertaining to the younger population (&lt; 55 years).</p>

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Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of incident acute myocardial infarction in a nationwide register-based cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月16日

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  • Nikoline Leo Fleischer,
  • Esben Meulengracht Flachs,
  • Matthias Ketzel,
  • Jørgen Brandt,
  • Jibran Khan,
  • Per Gustavsson,
  • Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum,
  • Morten Böttcher,
  • Camilla Sandal Sejbaek,
  • Jens Peter Bonde,
  • Regitze Sølling Wils

摘要

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution at the residential address and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a younger working population.

Methods

The study population included all Danish residents aged 35–50 in 1995 with employment and no previous diagnosis of AMI. Information on AMI was obtained through national registries. We estimated the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), elemental carbon (EC) and primary organic aerosols (POA) from 1979 onwards based on the Danish integrated multi-scale air pollution modeling system. Poisson regression models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of AMI.

Results

903,415 individuals were included in this cohort, covering almost 20 million person-years of follow-up between 1996 and 2018. In total 35,511 developed AMI. Our main analyses showed a clear exposure-response relationship between cumulative exposure to each of the air pollutants and incident AMI. Exposure was categorized into quartiles (Q1–Q4), with Q1 as reference. The most pronounced association was observed for PM2.5 with IRRs of 1.08 [95% CI 1.04,1.13], 1.14 [95% CI 1.09,1.20] and 1.24 [95% CI 1.18,1.31] in Q2–Q4 in model 4 (fully adjusted). The associations were observed for both sexes and across age groups.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that long-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2, EC, and POA are associated with an increased risk of incident AMI, also pertaining to the younger population (< 55 years).