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<p>This paper investigates the thermoelastic dynamic response of a functionally graded piezoelectric rod, accounting for thermal conduction memory and size-dependent effects. Unlike conventional models, this one permits thermal waves to propagate at a finite speed, with the Moore–Gibson–Thompson equation being a key component. By incorporating two additional relaxation times into the thermal conduction equation and introducing Klein–Gordon-type nonlocal elastic theory in the constitutive equation, the model effectively captures small-scale interactions. Using this model, the one-dimensional thermo-mechanical response of a piezoelectric rod was analyzed. Analytical expressions for the transformed thermophysical fields were derived in the Laplace transform domain. Numerical inversion methods were then applied to obtain solutions in the physical domain, elucidating the effects of various physical parameters. These findings are applicable to the development of various pyro/piezoelectric devices, such as sensors and gyroscopes with piezoelectric components.</p>

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Nonlocal thermoelastic response of functionally graded piezoelectric rod with memory-dependent effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月6日

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  • Zheng Wan,
  • Yixin Zhang,
  • Lixu Chen,
  • Yongbin Ma

摘要

This paper investigates the thermoelastic dynamic response of a functionally graded piezoelectric rod, accounting for thermal conduction memory and size-dependent effects. Unlike conventional models, this one permits thermal waves to propagate at a finite speed, with the Moore–Gibson–Thompson equation being a key component. By incorporating two additional relaxation times into the thermal conduction equation and introducing Klein–Gordon-type nonlocal elastic theory in the constitutive equation, the model effectively captures small-scale interactions. Using this model, the one-dimensional thermo-mechanical response of a piezoelectric rod was analyzed. Analytical expressions for the transformed thermophysical fields were derived in the Laplace transform domain. Numerical inversion methods were then applied to obtain solutions in the physical domain, elucidating the effects of various physical parameters. These findings are applicable to the development of various pyro/piezoelectric devices, such as sensors and gyroscopes with piezoelectric components.