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Objective <p>Blind source separation (BSS), decomposing signals into mixed sources, remains underexplored in ictal source imaging. We evaluated its ability to extract ictal components localizing the seizure onset zone (SOZ) using routine low-density scalp EEG across multiple settings.</p> Methods <p>We analyzed 20 seizures from ten patients with stereo-EEG-defined SOZs, all seizure-free after surgery or RF-thermocoagulation. BSS was computed over 10-, 30-, and 300-s periods preceding clinically and EEG-defined seizure onsets, using FastICA, InfoMax, and SOBI algorithms. Components were visually categorized as <i>ictal</i> or <i>non-ictal</i>. For each computation, the clearest ictal component was labeled <i>best-of-BSS</i>; one per seizure was further labeled <i>unique</i> when enhancing the ictal discharge. We estimated distances between components’ localization and the SOZ and assessed sublobar concordance.</p> Results <p>Across 360 BSS computations (8164 components), sublobar SOZ localization occurred in 38.5% of <i>ictal</i> components (mean distance: 44.4&#xa0;mm), 48.2% of <i>best-of-BSS</i> (36.8&#xa0;mm), 56.7% of <i>unique</i> (28.9&#xa0;mm), versus 17.9% of <i>non-ictal</i> components (62.9&#xa0;mm). InfoMax computed on 300-s periods preceding clinical onset achieved the highest F-scores.</p> Conclusions <p>Under these settings, <i>best-of-BSS</i> components localized the SOZ in 13/20 seizures (8/10 patients), with a median distance of 29.9&#xa0;mm.</p> Significance <p>InfoMax algorithm incorporating longer time windows improves SOZ localization from routine scalp-EEG.</p>

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Performance of blind source separation in localizing seizure onset from routine scalp-EEG

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Jeanne Benoit,
  • Samuel Medina Villalon,
  • Stanislas Lagarde,
  • Pierre Thomas,
  • Christian Bénar,
  • Fabrice Bartolomei

摘要

Objective

Blind source separation (BSS), decomposing signals into mixed sources, remains underexplored in ictal source imaging. We evaluated its ability to extract ictal components localizing the seizure onset zone (SOZ) using routine low-density scalp EEG across multiple settings.

Methods

We analyzed 20 seizures from ten patients with stereo-EEG-defined SOZs, all seizure-free after surgery or RF-thermocoagulation. BSS was computed over 10-, 30-, and 300-s periods preceding clinically and EEG-defined seizure onsets, using FastICA, InfoMax, and SOBI algorithms. Components were visually categorized as ictal or non-ictal. For each computation, the clearest ictal component was labeled best-of-BSS; one per seizure was further labeled unique when enhancing the ictal discharge. We estimated distances between components’ localization and the SOZ and assessed sublobar concordance.

Results

Across 360 BSS computations (8164 components), sublobar SOZ localization occurred in 38.5% of ictal components (mean distance: 44.4 mm), 48.2% of best-of-BSS (36.8 mm), 56.7% of unique (28.9 mm), versus 17.9% of non-ictal components (62.9 mm). InfoMax computed on 300-s periods preceding clinical onset achieved the highest F-scores.

Conclusions

Under these settings, best-of-BSS components localized the SOZ in 13/20 seizures (8/10 patients), with a median distance of 29.9 mm.

Significance

InfoMax algorithm incorporating longer time windows improves SOZ localization from routine scalp-EEG.